RFC5531

Network Working Group R. Thurlow Request for Comments: 5531 Sun Microsystems Obsoletes: 1831 May 2009 Category: Standards Track

  RPC: Remote Procedure Call Protocol Specification Version 2

Status of This Memo

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Copyright Notice

Copyright (c) 2009 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.

This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents in effect on the date of publication of this document (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info). Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document.

Abstract

This document describes the Open Network Computing (ONC) Remote Procedure Call (RPC) version 2 protocol as it is currently deployed and accepted. This document obsoletes RFC 1831.

Introduction

This document specifies version 2 of the message protocol used in ONC Remote Procedure Call (RPC). The message protocol is specified with the eXternal Data Representation (XDR) language RFC4506. This document assumes that the reader is familiar with XDR. It does not attempt to justify remote procedure call systems or describe their use. The paper by Birrell and Nelson [XRPC] is recommended as an excellent background for the remote procedure call concept.

Requirements Language

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC2119.

Changes since RFC 1831

This document obsoletes RFC1831 as the authoritative document describing RPC, without introducing any over-the-wire protocol changes. The main changes from RFC 1831 are:

o Addition of an Appendix that describes how an implementor can

  request new RPC program numbers, authentication flavor numbers,
  and authentication status numbers from IANA, rather than from Sun
  Microsystems

o Addition of an "IANA Considerations" section that describes past

  number assignment policy and how IANA is intended to assign them
  in the future

o Clarification of the RPC Language Specification to match current

  usage

o Enhancement of the "Security Considerations" section to reflect

  experience with strong security flavors

o Specification of new authentication errors that are in common use

  in modern RPC implementations

o Updates for the latest IETF intellectual property statements

Terminology

This document discusses clients, calls, servers, replies, services, programs, procedures, and versions. Each remote procedure call has two sides: an active client side that makes the call to a server side, which sends back a reply. A network service is a collection of

one or more remote programs. A remote program implements one or more remote procedures; the procedures, their parameters, and results are documented in the specific program's protocol specification. A server may support more than one version of a remote program in order to be compatible with changing protocols.

For example, a network file service may be composed of two programs. One program may deal with high-level applications such as file system access control and locking. The other may deal with low-level file input and output and have procedures like "read" and "write". A client of the network file service would call the procedures associated with the two programs of the service on behalf of the client.

The terms "client" and "server" only apply to a particular transaction; a particular hardware entity (host) or software entity (process or program) could operate in both roles at different times. For example, a program that supplies remote execution service could also be a client of a network file service.

The RPC Model

The ONC RPC protocol is based on the remote procedure call model, which is similar to the local procedure call model. In the local case, the caller places arguments to a procedure in some well- specified location (such as a register window). It then transfers control to the procedure, and eventually regains control. At that point, the results of the procedure are extracted from the well- specified location, and the caller continues execution.

The remote procedure call model is similar. One thread of control logically winds through two processes: the caller's process and a server's process. The caller first sends a call message to the server process and waits (blocks) for a reply message. The call message includes the procedure's parameters, and the reply message includes the procedure's results. Once the reply message is received, the results of the procedure are extracted, and the caller's execution is resumed.

On the server side, a process is dormant awaiting the arrival of a call message. When one arrives, the server process extracts the procedure's parameters, computes the results, sends a reply message, and then awaits the next call message.

In this model, only one of the two processes is active at any given time. However, this model is only given as an example. The ONC RPC protocol makes no restrictions on the concurrency model implemented, and others are possible. For example, an implementation may choose

to have RPC calls be asynchronous so that the client may do useful work while waiting for the reply from the server. Another possibility is to have the server create a separate task to process an incoming call so that the original server can be free to receive other requests.

There are a few important ways in which remote procedure calls differ from local procedure calls.

o Error handling: failures of the remote server or network must be

  handled when using remote procedure calls.

o Global variables and side effects: since the server does not have

  access to the client's address space, hidden arguments cannot be
  passed as global variables or returned as side effects.

o Performance: remote procedures usually operate at one or more

  orders of magnitude slower than local procedure calls.

o Authentication: since remote procedure calls can be transported

  over unsecured networks, authentication may be necessary.
  Authentication prevents one entity from masquerading as some other
  entity.

The conclusion is that even though there are tools to automatically generate client and server libraries for a given service, protocols must still be designed carefully.

Transports and Semantics

The RPC protocol can be implemented on several different transport protocols. The scope of the definition of the RPC protocol excludes how a message is passed from one process to another, and includes only the specification and interpretation of messages. However, the application may wish to obtain information about (and perhaps control over) the transport layer through an interface not specified in this document. For example, the transport protocol may impose a restriction on the maximum size of RPC messages, or it may be stream-oriented like TCP RFC0793 with no size limit. The client and server must agree on their transport protocol choices.

It is important to point out that RPC does not try to implement any kind of reliability and that the application may need to be aware of the type of transport protocol underneath RPC. If it knows it is running on top of a reliable transport such as TCP, then most of the work is already done for it. On the other hand, if it is running on

top of an unreliable transport such as UDP RFC0768, it must implement its own time-out, retransmission, and duplicate detection policies as the RPC protocol does not provide these services.

Because of transport independence, the RPC protocol does not attach specific semantics to the remote procedures or their execution requirements. Semantics can be inferred from (but should be explicitly specified by) the underlying transport protocol. For example, consider RPC running on top of an unreliable transport such as UDP. If an application retransmits RPC call messages after time- outs, and does not receive a reply, it cannot infer anything about the number of times the procedure was executed. If it does receive a reply, then it can infer that the procedure was executed at least once.

A server may wish to remember previously granted requests from a client and not regrant them, in order to insure some degree of execute-at-most-once semantics. A server can do this by taking advantage of the transaction ID that is packaged with every RPC message. The main use of this transaction ID is by the client RPC entity in matching replies to calls. However, a client application may choose to reuse its previous transaction ID when retransmitting a call. The server may choose to remember this ID after executing a call and not execute calls with the same ID, in order to achieve some degree of execute-at-most-once semantics. The server is not allowed to examine this ID in any other way except as a test for equality.

On the other hand, if using a "reliable" transport such as TCP, the application can infer from a reply message that the procedure was executed exactly once, but if it receives no reply message, it cannot assume that the remote procedure was not executed. Note that even if a connection-oriented protocol like TCP is used, an application still needs time-outs and reconnections to handle server crashes.

There are other possibilities for transports besides datagram- or connection-oriented protocols. For example, a request-reply protocol such as [VMTP] is perhaps a natural transport for RPC. ONC RPC currently uses both TCP and UDP transport protocols. Section 11 ("Record Marking Standard") describes the mechanism employed by ONC RPC to utilize a connection-oriented, stream-oriented transport such as TCP. The mechanism by which future transports having different structural characteristics should be used to transfer ONC RPC messages should be specified by means of a Standards Track RFC, once such additional transports are defined.

Binding and Rendezvous Independence

The act of binding a particular client to a particular service and transport parameters is NOT part of this RPC protocol specification. This important and necessary function is left up to some higher-level software.

Implementors could think of the RPC protocol as the jump-subroutine instruction (JSR) of a network; the loader (binder) makes JSR useful, and the loader itself uses JSR to accomplish its task. Likewise, the binding software makes RPC useful, possibly using RPC to accomplish this task.

Authentication

The RPC protocol provides the fields necessary for a client to identify itself to a service, and vice-versa, in each call and reply message. Security and access control mechanisms can be built on top of this message authentication. Several different authentication protocols can be supported. A field in the RPC header indicates which protocol is being used. More information on specific authentication protocols is in Section 8.2, "Authentication, Integrity and Privacy".

RPC Protocol Requirements

The RPC protocol must provide for the following:

o Unique specification of a procedure to be called

o Provisions for matching response messages to request messages

o Provisions for authenticating the caller to service and vice-versa

Besides these requirements, features that detect the following are worth supporting because of protocol roll-over errors, implementation bugs, user error, and network administration:

o RPC protocol mismatches

o Remote program protocol version mismatches

o Protocol errors (such as misspecification of a procedure's

  parameters)

o Reasons why remote authentication failed

o Any other reasons why the desired procedure was not called

RPC Programs and Procedures

The RPC call message has three unsigned-integer fields -- remote program number, remote program version number, and remote procedure number -- that uniquely identify the procedure to be called. Program numbers are administered by a central authority (IANA). Once implementors have a program number, they can implement their remote program; the first implementation would most likely have the version number 1 but MUST NOT be the number zero. Because most new protocols evolve, a "version" field of the call message identifies which version of the protocol the caller is using. Version numbers enable support of both old and new protocols through the same server process.

The procedure number identifies the procedure to be called. These numbers are documented in the specific program's protocol specification. For example, a file service's protocol specification may state that its procedure number 5 is "read" and procedure number 12 is "write".

Just as remote program protocols may change over several versions, the actual RPC message protocol could also change. Therefore, the call message also has in it the RPC version number, which is always equal to 2 for the version of RPC described here.

The reply message to a request message has enough information to distinguish the following error conditions:

o The remote implementation of RPC does not support protocol version

  2.  The lowest and highest supported RPC version numbers are
  returned.

o The remote program is not available on the remote system.

o The remote program does not support the requested version number.

  The lowest and highest supported remote program version numbers
  are returned.

o The requested procedure number does not exist. (This is usually a

  client-side protocol or programming error.)

o The parameters to the remote procedure appear to be garbage from

  the server's point of view.  (Again, this is usually caused by a
  disagreement about the protocol between client and service.)

Authentication, Integrity, and Privacy

Provisions for authentication of caller to service and vice-versa are provided as a part of the RPC protocol. The call message has two authentication fields: the credential and the verifier. The reply message has one authentication field: the response verifier. The RPC protocol specification defines all three fields to be the following opaque type (in the eXternal Data Representation (XDR) language RFC4506):

     enum auth_flavor {
        AUTH_NONE       = 0,
        AUTH_SYS        = 1,
        AUTH_SHORT      = 2,
        AUTH_DH         = 3,
        RPCSEC_GSS      = 6
        /* and more to be defined */
     };

     struct opaque_auth {
        auth_flavor flavor;
        opaque body<400>;
     };

In other words, any "opaque_auth" structure is an "auth_flavor" enumeration followed by up to 400 bytes that are opaque to (uninterpreted by) the RPC protocol implementation.

The interpretation and semantics of the data contained within the authentication fields are specified by individual, independent authentication protocol specifications.

If authentication parameters were rejected, the reply message contains information stating why they were rejected.

As demonstrated by RPCSEC_GSS, it is possible for an "auth_flavor" to also support integrity and privacy.

Program Number Assignment

Program numbers are given out in groups according to the following chart:

         0x00000000                Reserved
         0x00000001 - 0x1fffffff   To be assigned by IANA
         0x20000000 - 0x3fffffff   Defined by local administrator
                                   (some blocks assigned here)
         0x40000000 - 0x5fffffff   Transient
         0x60000000 - 0x7effffff   Reserved
         0x7f000000 - 0x7fffffff   Assignment outstanding
         0x80000000 - 0xffffffff   Reserved

The first group is a range of numbers administered by IANA and should be identical for all sites. The second range is for applications peculiar to a particular site. This range is intended primarily for debugging new programs. When a site develops an application that might be of general interest, that application should be given an assigned number in the first range. Application developers may apply for blocks of RPC program numbers in the first range by methods described in Appendix B. The third group is for applications that generate program numbers dynamically. The final groups are reserved for future use, and should not be used.

Other Uses of the RPC Protocol

The intended use of this protocol is for calling remote procedures. Normally, each call message is matched with a reply message. However, the protocol itself is a message-passing protocol with which other (non-procedure-call) protocols can be implemented.

Batching

Batching is useful when a client wishes to send an arbitrarily large sequence of call messages to a server. Batching typically uses reliable byte stream protocols (like TCP) for its transport. In the case of batching, the client never waits for a reply from the server, and the server does not send replies to batch calls. A sequence of batch calls is usually terminated by a legitimate remote procedure call operation in order to flush the pipeline and get positive acknowledgement.

Broadcast Remote Procedure Calls

In broadcast protocols, the client sends a broadcast call to the network and waits for numerous replies. This requires the use of packet-based protocols (like UDP) as its transport protocol. Servers that support broadcast protocols usually respond only when the call is successfully processed and are silent in the face of errors, but this varies with the application.

The principles of broadcast RPC also apply to multicasting -- an RPC request can be sent to a multicast address.

The RPC Message Protocol

This section defines the RPC message protocol in the XDR data description language RFC4506.

     enum msg_type {
        CALL  = 0,
        REPLY = 1
     };

A reply to a call message can take on two forms: the message was either accepted or rejected.

     enum reply_stat {
        MSG_ACCEPTED = 0,
        MSG_DENIED   = 1
     };

Given that a call message was accepted, the following is the status of an attempt to call a remote procedure.

     enum accept_stat {
        SUCCESS       = 0, /* RPC executed successfully       */
        PROG_UNAVAIL  = 1, /* remote hasn't exported program  */
        PROG_MISMATCH = 2, /* remote can't support version #  */
        PROC_UNAVAIL  = 3, /* program can't support procedure */
        GARBAGE_ARGS  = 4, /* procedure can't decode params   */
        SYSTEM_ERR    = 5  /* e.g. memory allocation failure  */
     };

Reasons why a call message was rejected:

     enum reject_stat {
        RPC_MISMATCH = 0, /* RPC version number != 2          */
        AUTH_ERROR = 1    /* remote can't authenticate caller */
     };

Why authentication failed:

  enum auth_stat {
     AUTH_OK           = 0,  /* success                        */
     /*
      * failed at remote end
      */
     AUTH_BADCRED      = 1,  /* bad credential (seal broken)   */
     AUTH_REJECTEDCRED = 2,  /* client must begin new session  */
     AUTH_BADVERF      = 3,  /* bad verifier (seal broken)     */
     AUTH_REJECTEDVERF = 4,  /* verifier expired or replayed   */
     AUTH_TOOWEAK      = 5,  /* rejected for security reasons  */
     /*
      * failed locally
      */
     AUTH_INVALIDRESP  = 6,  /* bogus response verifier        */
     AUTH_FAILED       = 7,  /* reason unknown                 */
     /*
      * AUTH_KERB errors; deprecated.  See RFC2695
      */
     AUTH_KERB_GENERIC = 8,  /* kerberos generic error */
     AUTH_TIMEEXPIRE = 9,    /* time of credential expired */
     AUTH_TKT_FILE = 10,     /* problem with ticket file */
     AUTH_DECODE = 11,       /* can't decode authenticator */
     AUTH_NET_ADDR = 12,     /* wrong net address in ticket */
     /*
      * RPCSEC_GSS GSS related errors
      */
     RPCSEC_GSS_CREDPROBLEM = 13, /* no credentials for user */
     RPCSEC_GSS_CTXPROBLEM = 14   /* problem with context */
  };

As new authentication mechanisms are added, there may be a need for more status codes to support them. IANA will hand out new auth_stat numbers on a simple First Come First Served basis as defined in the "IANA Considerations" and Appendix B.

The RPC message:

All messages start with a transaction identifier, xid, followed by a two-armed discriminated union. The union's discriminant is a msg_type that switches to one of the two types of the message. The xid of a REPLY message always matches that of the initiating CALL message. NB: The "xid" field is only used for clients matching reply messages with call messages or for servers detecting retransmissions; the service side cannot treat this id as any type of sequence number.

     struct rpc_msg {
        unsigned int xid;
        union switch (msg_type mtype) {
        case CALL:
           call_body cbody;
        case REPLY:
           reply_body rbody;
        } body;
     };

Body of an RPC call:

In version 2 of the RPC protocol specification, rpcvers MUST be equal to 2. The fields "prog", "vers", and "proc" specify the remote program, its version number, and the procedure within the remote program to be called. After these fields are two authentication parameters: cred (authentication credential) and verf (authentication verifier). The two authentication parameters are followed by the parameters to the remote procedure, which are specified by the specific program protocol.

The purpose of the authentication verifier is to validate the authentication credential. Note that these two items are historically separate, but are always used together as one logical entity.

    struct call_body {
       unsigned int rpcvers;       /* must be equal to two (2) */
       unsigned int prog;
       unsigned int vers;
       unsigned int proc;
       opaque_auth cred;
       opaque_auth verf;
       /* procedure-specific parameters start here */
    };

Body of a reply to an RPC call:

     union reply_body switch (reply_stat stat) {
     case MSG_ACCEPTED:
        accepted_reply areply;
     case MSG_DENIED:
        rejected_reply rreply;
     } reply;

Reply to an RPC call that was accepted by the server:

There could be an error even though the call was accepted. The first field is an authentication verifier that the server generates in order to validate itself to the client. It is followed by a union whose discriminant is an enum accept_stat. The SUCCESS arm of the union is protocol-specific. The PROG_UNAVAIL, PROC_UNAVAIL, GARBAGE_ARGS, and SYSTEM_ERR arms of the union are void. The PROG_MISMATCH arm specifies the lowest and highest version numbers of the remote program supported by the server.

     struct accepted_reply {
        opaque_auth verf;
        union switch (accept_stat stat) {
        case SUCCESS:
           opaque results[0];
           /*
            * procedure-specific results start here
            */
         case PROG_MISMATCH:
            struct {
               unsigned int low;
               unsigned int high;
            } mismatch_info;
         default:
            /*
             * Void.  Cases include PROG_UNAVAIL, PROC_UNAVAIL,
             * GARBAGE_ARGS, and SYSTEM_ERR.
             */
            void;
         } reply_data;
     };

Reply to an RPC call that was rejected by the server:

The call can be rejected for two reasons: either the server is not running a compatible version of the RPC protocol (RPC_MISMATCH) or the server rejects the identity of the caller (AUTH_ERROR). In case of an RPC version mismatch, the server returns the lowest and highest supported RPC version numbers. In case of invalid authentication, failure status is returned.

     union rejected_reply switch (reject_stat stat) {
     case RPC_MISMATCH:
        struct {
           unsigned int low;
           unsigned int high;
        } mismatch_info;
     case AUTH_ERROR:
        auth_stat stat;
     };

10. Authentication Protocols

As previously stated, authentication parameters are opaque, but open-ended to the rest of the RPC protocol. This section defines two standard flavors of authentication. Implementors are free to invent new authentication types, with the same rules of flavor number assignment as there are for program number assignment. The flavor of a credential or verifier refers to the value of the "flavor" field in the opaque_auth structure. Flavor numbers, like RPC program numbers, are also administered centrally, and developers may assign new flavor numbers by methods described in Appendix B. Credentials and verifiers are represented as variable-length opaque data (the "body" field in the opaque_auth structure).

In this document, two flavors of authentication are described. Of these, Null authentication (described in the next subsection) is mandatory -- it MUST be available in all implementations. System authentication (AUTH_SYS) is described in Appendix A. Implementors MAY include AUTH_SYS in their implementations to support existing applications. See "Security Considerations" for information about other, more secure, authentication flavors.

10.1. Null Authentication

Often, calls must be made where the client does not care about its identity or the server does not care who the client is. In this case, the flavor of the RPC message's credential, verifier, and reply verifier is "AUTH_NONE". Opaque data associated with "AUTH_NONE" is undefined. It is recommended that the length of the opaque data be zero.

11. Record Marking Standard

When RPC messages are passed on top of a byte stream transport protocol (like TCP), it is necessary to delimit one message from another in order to detect and possibly recover from protocol errors. This is called record marking (RM). One RPC message fits into one RM record.

A record is composed of one or more record fragments. A record fragment is a four-byte header followed by 0 to (2**31) - 1 bytes of fragment data. The bytes encode an unsigned binary number; as with XDR integers, the byte order is from highest to lowest. The number encodes two values -- a boolean that indicates whether the fragment is the last fragment of the record (bit value 1 implies the fragment is the last fragment) and a 31-bit unsigned binary value that is the length in bytes of the fragment's data. The boolean value is the highest-order bit of the header; the length is the 31 low-order bits. (Note that this record specification is NOT in XDR standard form!)

12. The RPC Language

Just as there was a need to describe the XDR data-types in a formal language, there is also need to describe the procedures that operate on these XDR data-types in a formal language as well. The RPC language is an extension to the XDR language, with the addition of "program", "procedure", and "version" declarations. The keywords "program" and "version" are reserved in the RPC language, and implementations of XDR compilers MAY reserve these keywords even when provided with pure XDR, non-RPC, descriptions. The following example is used to describe the essence of the language.

12.1. An Example Service Described in the RPC Language

Here is an example of the specification of a simple ping program.

  program PING_PROG {
        /*
         * Latest and greatest version
         */
        version PING_VERS_PINGBACK {
           void
           PINGPROC_NULL(void) = 0;
           /*
            * Ping the client, return the round-trip time
            * (in microseconds).  Returns -1 if the operation
            * timed out.
            */
           int
           PINGPROC_PINGBACK(void) = 1;
        } = 2;

        /*
         * Original version
         */
        version PING_VERS_ORIG {
           void
           PINGPROC_NULL(void) = 0;
        } = 1;
     } = 1;

     const PING_VERS = 2;      /* latest version */

The first version described is PING_VERS_PINGBACK with two procedures: PINGPROC_NULL and PINGPROC_PINGBACK. PINGPROC_NULL takes no arguments and returns no results, but it is useful for computing round-trip times from the client to the server and back again. By convention, procedure 0 of any RPC protocol should have the same semantics and never require any kind of authentication. The second procedure is used for the client to have the server do a reverse ping operation back to the client, and it returns the amount of time (in microseconds) that the operation used. The next version, PING_VERS_ORIG, is the original version of the protocol, and it does not contain the PINGPROC_PINGBACK procedure. It is useful for compatibility with old client programs, and as this program matures, it may be dropped from the protocol entirely.

12.2. The RPC Language Specification

The RPC language is identical to the XDR language defined in RFC 4506, except for the added definition of a "program-def", described below.

  program-def:
     "program" identifier "{"
        version-def
        version-def *
     "}" "=" constant ";"

  version-def:
     "version" identifier "{"
         procedure-def
         procedure-def *
     "}" "=" constant ";"

  procedure-def:
     proc-return identifier "(" proc-firstarg
       ("," type-specifier )* ")" "=" constant ";"

  proc-return: "void" | type-specifier

  proc-firstarg: "void" | type-specifier

12.3. Syntax Notes

o The following keywords are added and cannot be used as

  identifiers: "program" and "version".

o A version name cannot occur more than once within the scope of a

  program definition.  Neither can a version number occur more than
  once within the scope of a program definition.

o A procedure name cannot occur more than once within the scope of a

  version definition.  Neither can a procedure number occur more
  than once within the scope of version definition.

o Program identifiers are in the same name space as constant and

  type identifiers.

o Only unsigned constants can be assigned to programs, versions, and

  procedures.

o Current RPC language compilers do not generally support more than

  one type-specifier in procedure argument lists; the usual practice
  is to wrap arguments into a structure.

13. IANA Considerations

The assignment of RPC program numbers, authentication flavor numbers, and authentication status numbers has in the past been performed by Sun Microsystems, Inc (Sun). This is inappropriate for an IETF Standards Track protocol, as such work is done well by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). This document proposes the transfer of authority over RPC program numbers, authentication flavor numbers, and authentication status numbers described here from Sun Microsystems, Inc. to IANA and describes how IANA will maintain and assign these numbers. Users of RPC protocols will benefit by having an independent body responsible for these number assignments.

13.1. Numbering Requests to IANA

Appendix B of this document describes the information to be sent to IANA to request one or more RPC numbers and the rules that apply. IANA will store the request for documentary purposes and put the following information into the public registry:

o The short description of purpose and use

o The program number(s) assigned

o The short identifier string(s)

13.2. Protecting Past Assignments

Sun has made assignments in both the RPC program number space and the RPC authentication flavor number space since the original deployment of RPC. The assignments made by Sun Microsystems are still valid, and will be preserved. Sun has communicated all current assignments in both number spaces to IANA and final handoff of number assignment is complete. Current program and auth number assignments are provided in Appendix C. Current authentication status numbers are listed in Section 9 of this document in the "enum auth_stat" definition.

13.3. RPC Number Assignment

Future IANA practice will deal with the following partitioning of the 32-bit number space as listed in Section 8.3. Detailed information for the administration of the partitioned blocks in Section 8.3 is given below.

13.3.1. To Be Assigned By IANA

The first block will be administered by IANA, with previous assignments by Sun protected. Previous assignments were restricted to the range decimal 100000-399999 (0x000186a0 to 0x00061a7f); therefore, IANA will begin assignments at decimal 400000. Individual numbers should be grated on a First Come First Served basis, and blocks should be granted under rules related to the size of the block.

13.3.2. Defined by Local Administrator

The "Defined by local administrator" block is available for any local administrative domain to use, in a similar manner to IP address ranges reserved for private use. The expected use would be through the establishment of a local domain "authority" for assigning numbers from this range. This authority would establish any policies or procedures to be used within that local domain for use or assignment of RPC numbers from the range. The local domain should be sufficiently isolated that it would be unlikely that RPC applications developed by other local domains could communicate with the domain. This could result in RPC number contention, which would cause one of the applications to fail. In the absence of a local administrator, this block can be utilized in a "Private Use" manner per RFC5226.

13.3.3. Transient Block

The "Transient" block can be used by any RPC application on an "as available" basis. This range is intended for services that can communicate a dynamically selected RPC program number to clients of the service. Any mechanism can be used to communicate the number. For example, either shared memory when the client and server are located on the same system or a network message (either RPC or otherwise) that disseminates the selected number can be used.

The transient block is not administered. An RPC service uses this range by selecting a number in the transient range and attempting to register that number with the local system's RPC bindery (see the RPCBPROC_SET or PMAPPROC_SET procedures in "Binding Protocols for ONC RPC Version 2", RFC1833). If successful, no other RPC service was using that number and the RPC Bindery has assigned that number to the requesting RPC application. The registration is valid until the RPC Bindery terminates, which normally would only happen if the system reboots, causing all applications, including the RPC service using the transient number, to terminate. If the transient number registration fails, another RPC application is using the number and

the requestor must select another number and try again. To avoid conflicts, the recommended method is to select a number randomly from the transient range.

13.3.4. Reserved Block

The "Reserved" blocks are available for future use. RPC applications must not use numbers in these ranges unless their use is allowed by future action by the IESG.

13.3.5. RPC Number Sub-Blocks

RPC numbers are usually assigned for specific RPC services. Some applications, however, require multiple RPC numbers for a service. The most common example is an RPC service that needs to have multiple instances of the service active simultaneously at a specific site. RPC does not have an "instance identifier" in the protocol, so either a mechanism must be implemented to multiplex RPC requests amongst various instances of the service or unique RPC numbers must be used by each instance.

In these cases, the RPC protocol used with the various numbers may be different or the same. The numbers may either be assigned dynamically by the application, or as part of a site-specific administrative decision. If possible, RPC services that dynamically assign RPC numbers should use the "Transient" RPC number block defined in Section 13.3.3. If not possible, RPC number sub-blocks may be requested.

Assignment of RPC Number Sub-Blocks is controlled by the size of the sub-block being requested. "Specification Required" and "IESG Approval" are used as defined by Section 4.1 of RFC5226.

Size of sub-block Assignment Method Authority

---

----------------- ---------

Up to 100 numbers First Come First Served IANA Up to 1000 numbers Specification Required IANA More than 1000 numbers IESG Approval required IESG

Note: sub-blocks can be any size. The limits given above are maximums, and smaller size sub-blocks are allowed.

Sub-blocks sized up to 100 numbers may be assigned by IANA on a First Come First Served basis. The RPC Service Description included in the range must include an indication of how the sub-block is managed. At a minimum, the statement should indicate whether the sub-block is

used with a single RPC protocol or multiple RPC protocols, and whether the numbers are dynamically assigned or statically (through administrative action) assigned.

Sub-blocks of up to 1000 numbers must be documented in detail. The documentation must describe the RPC protocol or protocols that are to be used in the range. It must also describe how the numbers within the sub-block are to be assigned or used.

Sub-blocks sized over 1000 numbers must be documented as described above, and the assignment must be approved by the IESG. It is expected that this will be rare.

In order to avoid multiple requests of large blocks of numbers, the following rule is proposed.

Requests up to and including 100 RPC numbers are handled via the First Come First Served assignment method. This 100 number threshold applies to the total number of RPC numbers assigned to an individual or entity. For example, if an individual or entity first requests, say, 70 numbers, and then later requests 40 numbers, then the request for the 40 numbers will be assigned via the Specification Required method. As long as the total number of numbers assigned does not exceed 1000, IANA is free to waive the Specification Required assignment for incremental requests of less than 100 numbers.

If an individual or entity has under 1000 numbers and later requests an additional set of numbers such that the individual or entity would be granted over 1000 numbers, then the additional request will require IESG Approval.

13.4. RPC Authentication Flavor Number Assignment

The second number space is the authentication mechanism identifier, or "flavor", number. This number is used to distinguish between various authentication mechanisms that can be optionally used with an RPC message. An authentication identifier is used in the "flavor" field of the "opaque_auth" structure.

13.4.1. Assignment Policy

Appendix B of this document describes the information to be sent to IANA to request one or more RPC auth numbers and the rules that apply. IANA will store the request for documentary purposes and put the following information into the public registry:

o The short identifier string(s)

o The auth number(s) assigned

o The short description of purpose and use

13.4.2. Auth Flavors vs. Pseudo-Flavors

Recent progress in RPC security has moved away from new auth flavors as used by AUTH_DH [DH], and has focused on using the existing RPCSEC_GSS RFC2203 flavor and inventing novel GSS-API (Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface) mechanisms that can be used with it. Even though RPCSEC_GSS is an assigned authentication flavor, use of a new RPCSEC_GSS mechanism with the Network File System (NFS) (RFC1094 RFC1813, and RFC3530) will require the registration of 'pseudo-flavors' that are used to negotiate security mechanisms in an unambiguous way, as defined by RFC2623. Existing pseudo-flavors have been granted in the decimal range 390000-390255. New pseudo-flavor requests will be granted by IANA within this block on a First Come First Served basis.

For non-pseudo-flavor requests, IANA will begin granting RPC authentication flavor numbers at 400000 on a First Come First Served basis to avoid conflicts with currently granted numbers.

For authentication flavors or RPCSEC_GSS mechanisms to be used on the Internet, it is strongly advised that an Informational or Standards Track RFC be published describing the authentication mechanism behaviour and parameters.

13.5. Authentication Status Number Assignment

The final number space is the authentication status or "auth_stat" values that describe the nature of a problem found during an attempt to authenticate or validate authentication. The complete initial list of these values is found in Section 9 of this document, in the "auth_stat" enum listing. It is expected that it will be rare to add values, but that a small number of new values may be added from time to time as new authentication flavors introduce new possibilities. Numbers should be granted on a First Come First Served basis to avoid conflicts with currently granted numbers.

13.5.1. Assignment Policy

Appendix B of this document describes the information to be sent to IANA to request one or more auth_stat values and the rules that apply. IANA will store the request for documentary purposes, and put the following information into the public registry:

o The short identifier string(s)

o The auth_stat number(s) assigned

o The short description of purpose and use

14. Security Considerations

AUTH_SYS as described in Appendix A is known to be insecure due to the lack of a verifier to permit the credential to be validated. AUTH_SYS SHOULD NOT be used for services that permit clients to modify data. AUTH_SYS MUST NOT be specified as RECOMMENDED or REQUIRED for any Standards Track RPC service.

AUTH_DH as mentioned in Sections 8.2 and 13.4.2 is considered obsolete and insecure; see RFC2695. AUTH_DH SHOULD NOT be used for services that permit clients to modify data. AUTH_DH MUST NOT be specified as RECOMMENDED or REQUIRED for any Standards Track RPC service.

RFC2203 defines a new security flavor, RPCSEC_GSS, which permits GSS-API RFC2743 mechanisms to be used for securing RPC. All non- trivial RPC programs developed in the future should implement RPCSEC_GSS-based security appropriately. RFC2623 describes how this was done for a widely deployed RPC program.

Standards Track RPC services MUST mandate support for RPCSEC_GSS, and MUST mandate support for an authentication pseudo-flavor with appropriate levels of security, depending on the need for simple authentication, integrity (a.k.a. non-repudiation), or data privacy.

Appendix A: System Authentication

The client may wish to identify itself, for example, as it is identified on a UNIX(tm) system. The flavor of the client credential is "AUTH_SYS". The opaque data constituting the credential encodes the following structure:

     struct authsys_parms {
        unsigned int stamp;
        string machinename<255>;
        unsigned int uid;
        unsigned int gid;
        unsigned int gids<16>;
     };

The "stamp" is an arbitrary ID that the caller machine may generate. The "machinename" is the name of the caller's machine (like "krypton"). The "uid" is the caller's effective user ID. The "gid" is the caller's effective group ID. "gids" are a counted array of groups that contain the caller as a member. The verifier accompanying the credential should have "AUTH_NONE" flavor value (defined above). Note that this credential is only unique within a particular domain of machine names, uids, and gids.

The flavor value of the verifier received in the reply message from the server may be "AUTH_NONE" or "AUTH_SHORT". In the case of "AUTH_SHORT", the bytes of the reply verifier's string encode an opaque structure. This new opaque structure may now be passed to the server instead of the original "AUTH_SYS" flavor credential. The server may keep a cache that maps shorthand opaque structures (passed back by way of an "AUTH_SHORT" style reply verifier) to the original credentials of the caller. The caller can save network bandwidth and server cpu cycles by using the shorthand credential.

The server may flush the shorthand opaque structure at any time. If this happens, the remote procedure call message will be rejected due to an authentication error. The reason for the failure will be "AUTH_REJECTEDCRED". At this point, the client may wish to try the original "AUTH_SYS" style of credential.

It should be noted that use of this flavor of authentication does not guarantee any security for the users or providers of a service, in itself. The authentication provided by this scheme can be considered legitimate only when applications using this scheme and the network can be secured externally, and privileged transport addresses are used for the communicating end-points (an example of this is the use of privileged TCP/UDP ports in UNIX systems -- note that not all systems enforce privileged transport address mechanisms).

Appendix B: Requesting RPC-Related Numbers from IANA

RPC program numbers, authentication flavor numbers, and authentication status numbers that must be unique across all networks are assigned by the Internet Assigned Number Authority. To apply for a single number or a block of numbers, electronic mail must be sent to IANA <[email protected]> with the following information:

o The type of number(s) (program number or authentication flavor

  number or authentication status number) sought

o How many numbers are sought

o The name of the person or company that will use the number

o An "identifier string" that associates the number with a service

o Email address of the contact person for the service that will be

  using the number

o A short description of the purpose and use of the number

o If an authentication flavor number is sought, and the number will

  be a 'pseudo-flavor' intended for use with RPCSEC_GSS and NFS,
  mappings analogous to those in Section 4.2 of RFC2623

Specific numbers cannot be requested. Numbers are assigned on a First Come First Served basis.

For all RPC authentication flavor and authentication status numbers to be used on the Internet, it is strongly advised that an Informational or Standards Track RFC be published describing the authentication mechanism behaviour and parameters.

Appendix C: Current Number Assignments

2. Sun-assigned RPC numbers
4. Description/Owner RPC Program Number Short Name
5. -----------------------------------------------------------------

portmapper 100000 pmapprog portmap rpcbind remote stats 100001 rstatprog remote users 100002 rusersprog nfs 100003 nfs yellow pages (NIS) 100004 ypprog ypserv mount demon 100005 mountprog remote dbx 100006 dbxprog yp binder (NIS) 100007 ypbindprog ypbind shutdown msg 100008 wall yppasswd server 100009 yppasswdprog yppasswdd ether stats 100010 etherstatprog disk quotas 100011 rquota spray packets 100012 spray 3270 mapper 100013 ibm3270prog RJE mapper 100014 ibmrjeprog selection service 100015 selnsvcprog remote database access 100016 rdatabaseprog remote execution 100017 rexec Alice Office Automation 100018 aliceprog scheduling service 100019 schedprog local lock manager 100020 lockprog llockmgr network lock manager 100021 netlockprog nlockmgr x.25 inr protocol 100022 x25prog status monitor 1 100023 statmon1 status monitor 2 100024 statmon2 selection library 100025 selnlibprog boot parameters service 100026 bootparam mazewars game 100027 mazeprog yp update (NIS) 100028 ypupdateprog ypupdate key server 100029 keyserveprog secure login 100030 securecmdprog nfs net forwarder init 100031 netfwdiprog nfs net forwarder trans 100032 netfwdtprog sunlink MAP 100033 sunlinkmap network monitor 100034 netmonprog lightweight database 100035 dbaseprog password authorization 100036 pwdauthprog translucent file svc 100037 tfsprog nse server 100038 nseprog nse activate daemon 100039 nse_activate_prog sunview help 100040 sunview_help_prog

pnp install 100041 pnp_prog ip addr allocator 100042 ipaddr_alloc_prog show filehandle 100043 filehandle MVS NFS mount 100044 mvsnfsprog remote user file operations 100045 rem_fileop_user_prog batched ypupdate 100046 batch_ypupdateprog network execution mgr 100047 nem_prog raytrace/mandelbrot remote daemon 100048 raytrace_rd_prog raytrace/mandelbrot local daemon 100049 raytrace_ld_prog remote group file operations 100050 rem_fileop_group_prog remote system file operations 100051 rem_fileop_system_prog remote system role operations 100052 rem_system_role_prog gpd lego fb simulator 100053 [unknown] gpd simulator interface 100054 [unknown] ioadmd 100055 ioadmd filemerge 100056 filemerge_prog Name Binding Program 100057 namebind_prog sunlink NJE 100058 njeprog MVSNFS get attribute service 100059 mvsattrprog SunAccess/SunLink resource manager 100060 rmgrprog UID allocation service 100061 uidallocprog license broker 100062 lbserverprog NETlicense client binder 100063 lbbinderprog GID allocation service 100064 gidallocprog SunIsam 100065 sunisamprog Remote Debug Server 100066 rdbsrvprog Network Directory Daemon 100067 [unknown] Network Calendar Program 100068 cmsd cm ypxfrd 100069 ypxfrd rpc.timed 100070 timedprog bugtraqd 100071 bugtraqd

                                  100072    [unknown]

Connectathon Billboard - NFS 100073 [unknown] Connectathon Billboard - X 100074 [unknown] Sun tool for scheduling rooms 100075 schedroom Authentication Negotiation 100076 authnegotiate_prog Database manipulation 100077 attribute_prog Kerberos authentication daemon 100078 kerbprog Internal testing product (no name) 100079 [unknown] Sun Consulting Special 100080 autodump_prog Event protocol 100081 event_svc bugtraq_qd 100082 bugtraq_qd ToolTalk and Link Service Project 100083 database service Consulting Services 100084 [unknown] Consulting Services 100085 [unknown] Consulting Services 100086 [unknown] Jupiter Administration 100087 adm_agent admind

                                  100088    [unknown]

                                  100089    [unknown]

Dual Disk support 100090 libdsd/dsd DocViewer 1.1 100091 [unknown] ToolTalk 100092 remote_activation_svc Consulting Services 100093 host_checking SNA peer-to-peer 100094 [unknown] Roger Riggs 100095 searchit Robert Allen 100096 mesgtool SNA 100097 [unknown] SISU 100098 networked version of CS5 NFS Automount File System 100099 autofs

                                  100100    msgboard

event dispatching agent [eventd] 100101 netmgt_eventd_prog statistics/event logger [netlogd] 100102 netmgt_netlogd_prog topology display manager [topology]100103 netmgt_topology_prog syncstat agent [syncstatd] 100104 netmgt_syncstatd_prog ip packet stats agent [ippktd] 100105 netmgt_ippktd_prog netmgt config agent [configd] 100106 netmgt_configd_prog restat agent [restatd] 100107 netmgt_restatd_prog lpq agent [lprstatd] 100108 netmgt_lprstatd_prog netmgt activity agent [mgtlogd] 100109 netmgt_mgtlogd_prog proxy DECnet NCP agent [proxydni] 100110 netmgt_proxydni_prog topology mapper agent [mapperd] 100111 netmgt_mapperd_prog netstat agent [netstatd] 100112 netmgt_netstatd_prog sample netmgt agent [sampled] 100113 netmgt_sampled_prog X.25 statistics agent [vcstatd] 100114 netmgt_vcstatd_prog Frame Relay 100128 [unknown] PPP agent 100129 [unknown] localhad 100130 rpc.localhad layers2 100131 na.layers2 token ring agent 100132 na.tr related to lockd and statd 100133 nsm_addr Kerberos project 100134 kwarn ertherif2 100135 na.etherif2 hostmem2 100136 na.hostmem2 iostat2 100137 na.iostat2 snmpv2 100138 na.snmpv2 Cooperative Console 100139 cc_sender na.cpustat 100140 na.cpustat Sun Cluster SC3.0 100141 rgmd_receptionist

                                  100142    fed

Network Storage 100143 rdc Sun Cluster products 100144 nafo SunCluster 3.0 100145 scadmd ASN.1 100146 amiserv

                                  100147    amiaux # BER and DER
                                             encode and decode

Delegate Management Server 100148 dm

                                  100149    rkstat
                                  100150    ocfserv
                                  100151    sccheckd
                                  100152    autoclientd
                                  100153    sunvts
                                  100154    ssmond
                                  100155    smserverd
                                  100156    test1
                                  100157    test2
                                  100158    test3
                                  100159    test4
                                  100160    test5
                                  100161    test6
                                  100162    test7
                                  100163    test8
                                  100164    test9
                                  100165    test10
                                  100166    nfsmapid
                                  100167    SUN_WBEM_C_CIMON_HANDLE
                                  100168    sacmmd
                                  100169    fmd_adm
                                  100170    fmd_api
                                  100171    [unknown]
                                  100172    idmapd

unassigned 100173 - 100174 snmptrap 100175 na.snmptrap unassigned 100176-100199

unassigned 100200 MVS/NFS Memory usage stats server 100201 [unknown] Netapp 100202-100207 unassigned 100208-100210 8.0 SunLink SNA RJE 100211 [unknown] 8.0 SunLink SNA RJE 100212 [unknown]

                                  100213    ShowMe
                                  100214    [unknown]
                                  100215    [unknown]

AUTH_RSA Key service 100216 keyrsa SunSelect PC license service 100217 [unknown] WWCS (Corporate) 100218 sunsolve

                                  100219    cstatd

X/Open Federated Naming 100220 xfn_server_prog Kodak Color Management System 100221 kcs_network_io kcs HA-DBMS 100222 ha_dbms_serv

                                  100223-100225    [unknown]
                                  100226    hafaultd

NFS ACL Service 100227 nfs_acl distributed lock manager 100228 dlmd

                                  100229    metad
                                  100230    metamhd
                                  100231    nfsauth
                                  100232    sadmind
                                  100233    ufsd
                                  100234    grpservd
                                  100235    cachefsd
                                  100236    msmprog Media_Server
                                  100237    ihnamed
                                  100238    ihnetd
                                  100239    ihsecured
                                  100240    ihclassmgrd
                                  100241    ihrepositoryd
                                  100242    metamedd rpc.metamedd
                                  100243    contentmanager cm
                                  100244    symon
                                  100245    pld genesil
                                  100246    ctid
                                        cluster_transport_interface
                                  100247    ccd
                                        cluster_configuration_db
                                  100248    pmfd
                                  100249    dmi2_client
                                  100250    mfs_admin
                                  100251    ndshared_unlink
                                  100252    ndshared_touch
                                  100253    ndshared_slink
                                  100254    cbs control_board_server
                                  100255    skiserv
                                  100256    nfsxa nfsxattr
                                  100257    ndshared_disable
                                  100258    ndshared_enable
                                  100259    sms_account_admin
                                  100260    sms_modem_admin
                                  100261    sms_r_login
                                  100262    sms_r_subaccount_mgt
                                  100263    sms_service_admin
                                  100264    session_admin
                                  100265    canci_ancs_program
                                  100266    canci_sms_program
                                  100267    msmp
                                  100268    halck
                                  100269    halogmsg
                                  100270    nfs_id_map
                                  100271    ncall
                                  100272    hmip
                                  100273    repl_mig
                                  100274    repl_mig_cb

NIS+ 100300 nisplus NIS+ 100301 nis_cachemgr NIS+ call back protocol 100302 [unknown] NIS+ Password Update Daemon 100303 nispasswdd FNS context update in NIS 100304 fnsypd

                                  100305    [unknown]
                                  100306    [unknown]
                                  100307    [unknown]
                                  100308    [unknown]
                                  100309    [unknown]

unassigned 100310 - 100398 nfscksum 100399 nfscksum network utilization agent 100400 netmgt_netu_prog network rpc ping agent 100401 netmgt_rping_prog

                                  100402    na.shell

picsprint 100403 na.picslp

                                  100404    traps
                                  100405 - 100409 [unknown]
                                  100410    jdsagent
                                  100411    na.haconfig
                                  100412    na.halhost
                                  100413    na.hadtsrvc
                                  100414    na.hamdstat
                                  100415    na.neoadmin
                                  100416    ex1048prog

rdmaconfig 100417 rpc.rdmaconfig IETF NFSv4 Working Group - FedFS 100418 - 100421

                                  100422    mdcommd
                                  100423    kiprop krb5_iprop
                                  100424    stsf

unassigned 100425 - 100499 Sun Microsystems 100500 - 100531 [unknown]

                                  100532    ucmmstate
                                  100533    scrcmd

unassigned 100534 - 100999 nse link daemon 101002 nselinktool nse link application 101003 nselinkapp unassigned 101004 - 101900

                                  101901    [unknown]

unassigned 101902 - 101999 AssetLite 102000 [unknown] PagerTool 102001 [unknown] Discover 102002 [unknown] unassigned 102003 - 105000 ShowMe 105001 sharedapp Registry 105002 REGISTRY_PROG Print-server 105003 print-server Proto-server 105004 proto-server

Notification-server 105005 notification-server Transfer-agent-server 105006 transfer-agent-server unassigned 105007 - 110000

                                  110001    tsolrpcb
                                  110002    tsolpeerinfo
                                  110003    tsolboot
                                  120001    cmip na.cmip
                                  120002    na.osidiscover
                                  120003    cmiptrap

unassigned 120004 - 120099

                                  120100    eserver
                                  120101    repserver
                                  120102    swserver
                                  120103    dmd
                                  120104    ca

unassigned 120105 - 120125

                                  120126    nf_fddi
                                  120127    nf_fddismt7_2

unassigned 120128 - 150000 pc passwd authorization 150001 pcnfsdprog TOPS name mapping 150002 [unknown] TOPS external attribute storage 150003 [unknown] TOPS hierarchical file system 150004 [unknown] TOPS NFS transparency extensions 150005 [unknown] PC NFS License 150006 pcnfslicense RDA 150007 rdaprog WabiServer 150008 wsprog WabiServer 150009 wsrlprog unassigned 150010 - 160000

                                  160001    nihon-cm
                                  160002    nihon-ce

unassigned 160003 - 170099

                                  170100    domf_daemon0
                                  170101    domf_daemon1
                                  170102    domf_daemon2
                                  170103    domf_daemon3
                                  170104    domf_daemon4
                                  170105    domf_daemon5

unassigned 170106 - 179999

                                  180000    cecprog
                                  180001    cecsysprog
                                  180002    cec2cecprog
                                  180003    cesprog
                                  180004    ces2cesprog
                                  180005    cet2cetprog
                                  180006    cet2cetdoneprog
                                  180007    cetcomprog
                                  180008    cetsysprog

                                  180009    cghapresenceprog
                                  180010    cgdmsyncprog
                                  180011    cgdmcnscliprog
                                  180012    cgdmcrcscliprog
                                  180013    cgdmcrcssvcproG
                                  180014    chmprog
                                  180015    chmsysprog
                                  180016    crcsapiprog
                                  180017    ckptmprog
                                  180018    crimcomponentprog
                                  180019    crimqueryprog
                                  180020    crimsecondaryprog
                                  180021    crimservicesprog
                                  180022    crimsyscomponentprog
                                  180023    crimsysservicesprog
                                  180024    csmagtapiprog
                                  180025    csmagtcallbackprog
                                  180026    csmreplicaprog
                                  180027    csmsrvprog
                                  180028    cssccltprog
                                  180029    csscsvrprog
                                  180030    csscopresultprog

unassigned 180031 - 199999

                                  200000    pyramid_nfs
                                  200001    pyramid_reserved
                                  200002    cadds_image
                                  200003    stellar_name_prog
                                  200004    [unknown]
                                  200005    [unknown]
                                  200006    pacl
                                  200007    lookupids
                                  200008    ax_statd_prog
                                  200009    ax_statd2_prog
                                  200010    edm
                                  200011    dtedirwd
                                  200012    [unknown]
                                  200013    [unknown]
                                  200014    [unknown]
                                  200015    [unknown]
                                  200016    easerpcd
                                  200017    rlxnfs
                                  200018    sascuiddprog
                                  200019    knfsd
                                  200020    ftnfsd ftnfsd_program
                                  200021    ftsyncd ftsyncd_program
                                  200022    ftstatd ftstatd_program
                                  200023    exportmap
                                  200024    nfs_metadata

unassigned 200025 - 200200

                                  200201    ecoad
                                  200202    eamon
                                  200203    ecolic
                                  200204    cs_printstatus_svr
                                  200205    ecodisc

unassigned 200206 - 300000

                                  300001    adt_rflockprog
                                  300002    columbine1
                                  300003    system33_prog
                                  300004    frame_prog1
                                  300005    uimxprog
                                  300006    rvd
                                  300007    entombing daemon
                                  300008    account mgmt system
                                  300009    frame_prog2
                                  300010    beeper access
                                  300011    dptuprog
                                  300012    mx-bcp
                                  300013    instrument-file-access
                                  300014    file-system-statistics
                                  300015    unify-database-server
                                  300016    tmd_msg
                                  300017    [unknown]
                                  300018    [unknown]
                                  300019    automounter access
                                  300020    lock server
                                  300021    [unknown]
                                  300022    office-automation-1
                                  300023    office-automation-2
                                  300024    office-automation-3
                                  300025    office-automation-4
                                  300026    office-automation-5
                                  300027    office-automation-6
                                  300028    office-automation-7
                                  300029    local-data-manager
                                  300030    chide
                                  300031    csi_program
                                  300032    [unknown]
                                  300033    online-help
                                  300034    case-tool
                                  300035    delta
                                  300036    rgi
                                  300037    instrument-config-server
                                  300038    [unknown]
                                  300039    [unknown]
                                  300040    dtia-rpc-server
                                  300041    cms

                                  300042    viewer
                                  300043    aqm
                                  300044    exclaim
                                  300045    masterplan
                                  300046    fig_tool
                                  300047    [unknown]
                                  300048    [unknown]
                                  300049    [unknown]
                                  300050    remote-lock-manager
                                  300051    [unknown]
                                  300052    gdebug
                                  300053    ldebug
                                  300054    rscanner
                                  300055    [unknown]
                                  300056    [unknown]
                                  300057    [unknown]
                                  300058    [unknown]
                                  300059    [unknown]
                                  300060    [unknown]
                                  300061    [unknown]
                                  300062    [unknown]
                                  300063    [unknown]
                                  300064    [unknown]
                                  300065    [unknown]
                                  300066    nSERVER
                                  300067    [unknown]
                                  300068    [unknown]
                                  300069    [unknown]
                                  300070    [unknown]
                                  300071    BioStation
                                  300072    [unknown]
                                  300073    NetProb
                                  300074    Logging
                                  300075    Logging
                                  300076    [unknown]
                                  300077    [unknown]
                                  300078    [unknown]
                                  300079    [unknown]
                                  300080    [unknown]
                                  300081    [unknown]
                                  300082    sw_twin
                                  300083    remote_get_login
                                  300084    odcprog
                                  300085    [unknown]
                                  300086    [unknown]
                                  300087    [unknown]
                                  300088    [unknown]
                                  300089    [unknown]

                                  300090    [unknown]
                                  300091    smartdoc
                                  300092    superping
                                  300093    distributed-chembench
                                  300094    uacman/alfil-uacman
                                  300095    ait_rcagent_prog
                                  300096    ait_rcagent_appl_prog
                                  300097    smart
                                  300098    ecoprog
                                  300099    leonardo
                                  300100    [unknown]
                                  300101    [unknown]
                                  300102    [unknown]
                                  300103    [unknown]
                                  300104    [unknown]
                                  300105    [unknown]
                                  300106    [unknown]
                                  300107    [unknown]
                                  300108    wingz
                                  300109    teidan
                                  300110    [unknown]
                                  300111    [unknown]
                                  300112    [unknown]
                                  300113    [unknown]
                                  300114    [unknown]
                                  300115    [unknown]
                                  300116    cadc_fhlockprog
                                  300117    highscan
                                  300118    [unknown]
                                  300119    [unknown]
                                  300120    [unknown]
                                  300121    opennavigator
                                  300122    aarpcxfer
                                  300123    [unknown]
                                  300124    [unknown]
                                  300125    [unknown]
                                  300126    groggs
                                  300127    licsrv
                                  300128    issdemon
                                  300129    [unknown]
                                  300130    maximize
                                  300131    cgm_server
                                  300132    [unknown]
                                  300133    agent_rpc
                                  300134    docmaker
                                  300135    docmaker
                                  300136    [unknown]
                                  300137    [unknown]

                                  300138    [unknown]
                                  300139    iesx
                                  300140    [unknown]
                                  300141    [unknown]
                                  300142    [unknown]
                                  300143    [unknown]
                                  300144    smart-mbs
                                  300145    [unknown]
                                  300146    [unknown]
                                  300147    docimage
                                  300148    [unknown]
                                  300149    dmc-interface
                                  300150    [unknown]
                                  300151    jss
                                  300152    [unknown]
                                  300153    arimage
                                  300154    xdb-workbench
                                  300155    frontdesk
                                  300156    dmc
                                  300157    expressight-6000
                                  300158    graph service program
                                  300159    [unknown]
                                  300160    [unknown]
                                  300161    [unknown]
                                  300162    [unknown]
                                  300163    [unknown]
                                  300164    [unknown]
                                  300165    [unknown]
                                  300166    [unknown]
                                  300167    [unknown]
                                  300168    [unknown]
                                  300169    [unknown]
                                  300170    [unknown]
                                  300171    [unknown]
                                  300172    [unknown]
                                  300173    [unknown]
                                  300174    [unknown]
                                  300175    [unknown]
                                  300176    rlpr
                                  300177    nx_hostdprog
                                  300178    netuser-x
                                  300179    rmntprog
                                  300180    [unknown]
                                  300181    mipe
                                  300182    [unknown]
                                  300183    collectorprog
                                  300184    uslookup_PROG
                                  300185    viewstation

                                  300186    iate
                                  300187    [unknown]
                                  300188    [unknown]
                                  300189    [unknown]
                                  300190    imsvtprog
                                  300191    [unknown]
                                  300192    [unknown]
                                  300193    [unknown]
                                  300194    pmdb
                                  300195    pmda
                                  300196    [unknown]
                                  300197    [unknown]
                                  300198    trend_idbd
                                  300199    rres
                                  300200    sd.masterd
                                  300201    sd.executiond
                                  300202    sd.listend
                                  300203    sd.reserve1
                                  300204    sd.reserve2
                                  300205    msbd
                                  300206    stagedprog
                                  300207    mountprog
                                  300208    watchdprog
                                  300209    pms
                                  300210    [unknown]
                                  300211    session_server_program
                                  300212    session_program
                                  300213    debug_serverprog
                                  300214    [unknown]
                                  300215    [unknown]
                                  300216    paceprog
                                  300217    [unknown]
                                  300218    mbus
                                  300219    aframes2ps
                                  300220    npartprog
                                  300221    cm1server
                                  300222    cm1bridge
                                  300223    sailfrogfaxprog
                                  300224    sailfrogphoneprog
                                  300225    sailfrogvmailprog
                                  300226    wserviceprog arcstorm
                                  300227    hld
                                  300228    alive
                                  300229    radsp
                                  300230    radavx
                                  300231    radview
                                  300232    rsys_prog
                                  300233    rsys_prog

                                  300234    fm_rpc_prog
                                  300235    aries
                                  300236    uapman
                                  300237    ddman
                                  300238    top
                                  300239    [unknown]
                                  300240    trendlink
                                  300241    licenseprog
                                  300242    statuslicenseprog
                                  300243    oema_rmpf_svc
                                  300244    oema_smpf_svc
                                  300245    oema_rmsg_svc
                                  300246    grapes-sd
                                  300247    ds_master
                                  300248    ds_transfer
                                  300249    ds_logger
                                  300250    ds_query
                                  300251    [unknown]
                                  300252    [unknown]
                                  300253    nsd_prog
                                  300254    browser
                                  300255    epoch
                                  300256    floorplanner
                                  300257    reach
                                  300258    tactic
                                  300259    cachescientific1
                                  300260    cachescientific2
                                  300261    desksrc_prog
                                  300262    photo3d1
                                  300263    photo3d2
                                  300264    [unknown]
                                  300265    soundmgr
                                  300266    s6k
                                  300267    aims_referenced_
                                            text_processor
                                  300268    xess
                                  300269    ds_queue
                                  300270    [unknown]
                                  300271    orionscanplus
                                  300272    openlink-xx
                                  300273    kbmsprog
                                  300274    [unknown]
                                  300275    futuresource
                                  300276    the_xprt
                                  300277    cmg_srvprog
                                  300278    [unknown]
                                  300279    [unknown]
                                  300280    front

                                  300281    [unknown]
                                  300282    [unknown]
                                  300283    [unknown]
                                  300284    conmanprog
                                  300285    jincv2
                                  300286    isls
                                  300287    systemstatprog
                                  300288    fxpsprog
                                  300289    callpath
                                  300290    axess
                                  300291    armor_rpcd
                                  300292    armor_dictionary_rpcd
                                  300293    armor_miscd
                                  300294    filetransfer_prog
                                  300295    bl_swda
                                  300296    bl_hwda
                                  300297    [unknown]
                                  300298    [unknown]
                                  300299    [unknown]
                                  300300    filemon
                                  300301    acunetprog
                                  300302    rbuild
                                  300303    assistprog
                                  300304    tog
                                  300305    [unknown]
                                  300306    sns7000
                                  300307    igprog
                                  300308    tgprog
                                  300309    plc
                                  300310    pxman pxlsprog
                                  300311    hde_server hdeserver
                                  300312    tsslicenseprog
                                  300313    rpc.explorerd
                                  300314    chrd
                                  300315    tbisam
                                  300316    tbis
                                  300317    adsprog
                                  300318    sponsorprog
                                  300319    querycmprog
                                  300320    [unknown]
                                  300321    [unknown]
                                  300322    mobil1
                                  300323    sld
                                            service_locator_daemon
                                  300324    linkprog
                                  300325    codexdaemonprog
                                  300326    drprog
                                  300327    ressys_commands

                                  300328    stamp
                                  300329    matlab
                                  300330    sched1d
                                  300331    upcprog
                                  300332    xferbkch
                                  300333    xfer
                                  300334    qbthd
                                  300335    qbabort
                                  300336    lsd
                                  300337    geomgrd
                                  300338    generic_fts
                                  300339    ft_ack
                                  300340    lymb
                                  300341    vantage
                                  300342    cltstd clooptstdprog
                                  300343    clui clui_prog
                                  300344    testerd tstdprog
                                  300345    extsim
                                  300346    cmd_dispatch maxm_ems
                                  300347    callpath_receive_program
                                  300348    x3270prog
                                  300349    sbc_lag
                                  300350    sbc_frsa
                                  300351    sbc_frs
                                  300352    atommgr
                                  300353    geostrat
                                  300354    dbvialu6.2
                                  300355    [unknown]
                                  300356    fxncprog
                                  300357    infopolic
                                  300358    [unknown]
                                  300359    aagns
                                  300360    aagms
                                  300361    [unknown]
                                  300362    clariion_mgr
                                  300363    setcimrpc
                                  300364    virtual_protocol_adapter
                                  300365    unibart
                                  300366    uniarch
                                  300367    unifile
                                  300368    unisrex
                                  300369    uniscmd
                                  300370    rsc
                                  300371    set
                                  300372    desaf-ws/key
                                  300373    reeldb
                                  300374    nl
                                  300375    rmd

                                  300376    agcd
                                  300377    rsynd
                                  300378    rcnlib
                                  300379    rcnlib_attach
                                  300380    evergreen_mgmt_agent
                                  300381    fx104prog
                                  300382    rui
                                            remote_user_interface
                                  300383    ovomd
                                  300384    [unknown]
                                  300385    [unknown]
                                  300386    system_server
                                  300387    pipecs cs_pipeprog
                                            ppktrpc
                                  300388    uv-net univision
                                  300389    auexe
                                  300390    audip
                                  300391    mqi
                                  300392    eva
                                  300393    eeei_reserved_1
                                  300394    eeei_reserved_2
                                  300395    eeei_reserved_3
                                  300396    eeei_reserved_4
                                  300397    eeei_reserved_5
                                  300398    eeei_reserved_6
                                  300399    eeei_reserved_7
                                  300400    eeei_reserved_8
                                  300401    cprlm
                                  300402    wg_idms_manager
                                  300403    timequota
                                  300404    spiff
                                  300405-300414        ov_oem_svc
                                  300415    ov_msg_ctlg_svc
                                  300416    ov_advt_reg_svc
                                  300417-300424  showkron
                                  300425    daatd
                                  300426    swiftnet
                                  300427    ovomdel
                                  300428    ovomreq
                                  300429    msg_dispatcher
                                  300430    pcshare server
                                  300431    rcvs
                                  300432    fdfserver
                                  300433    bssd
                                  300434    drdd
                                  300435    mif_gutsprog
                                  300436    mif_guiprog
                                  300437    twolfd

                                  300438    twscd
                                  300439    nwsbumv
                                  300440    dgux_mgr
                                  300441    pfxd
                                  300442    tds
                                  300443    ovomadmind
                                  300444    ovomgate
                                  300445    omadmind
                                  300446    nps
                                  300447    npd
                                  300448    tsa
                                  300449    cdaimc

unassigned 300450-300452

                                  300453    ckt_implementation
                                  300454    mda-tactical

unassigned 300455-300458

                                  300459    atrrun
                                  300460    RoadRunner
                                  300461    nas
                                  300462    undelete
                                  300463    ovacadd
                                  300464    tbdesmai
                                  300465    arguslm
                                  300466    dmd
                                  300467    drd
                                  300468    fm_help
                                  300469    ftransrpc_prog
                                  300470    finrisk
                                  300471    dg_pc_idisched
                                  300472    dg_pc_idiserv
                                  300473    apd
                                  300474    ap_sspd
                                  300475    callpatheventrecorder
                                  300476    flc
                                  300477    dg_osm
                                  300478    dspnamed
                                  300479    iqddsrv
                                  300480    iqjobsrv
                                  300481    tacosxx
                                  300482    wheeldbmg
                                  300483    cnxmgr_nm_prog
                                  300484    cnxmgr_cfg_prog
                                  300485    3dsmapper
                                  300486    ids
                                  300487    imagine_rpc_svc
                                  300488    lfn
                                  300489    salesnet
                                  300490    defaxo

                                  300491    dbqtsd
                                  300492    kms
                                  300493    rpc.iced
                                  300494    calc2s
                                  300495    ptouidprog
                                  300496    docsls
                                  300497    new
                                  300498    collagebdg
                                  300499    ars_server
                                  300500    ars_client
                                  300501    vr_catalog
                                  300502    vr_tdb
                                  300503    ama
                                  300504    evama
                                  300505    conama
                                  300506    service_process
                                  300507    reuse_proxy
                                  300508    mars_ctrl
                                  300509    mars_db
                                  300510    mars_com
                                  300511    mars_admch
                                  300512    tbpipcip
                                  300513    top_acs_svc
                                  300514    inout_svc
                                  300515    csoft_wp
                                  300516    mcfs
                                  300517    eventprog
                                  300518    dg_pc_idimsg
                                  300519    dg_pc_idiaux
                                  300520    atsr_gc
                                  300521    alarm alarm_prog
                                  300522    fts_prog
                                  300523    dcs_prog
                                  300524    ihb_prog
                                  300525    [unknown]
                                  300526    [unknown]
                                  300527    clu_info_prog
                                  300528    rmfm
                                  300529    c2sdocd
                                  300530    interahelp
                                  300531    callpathasyncmsghandler
                                  300532    optix_arc
                                  300533    optix_ts
                                  300534    optix_wf
                                  300535    maxopenc
                                  300536    cev cev_server
                                  300537    sitewideprog
                                  300538    drs

                                  300539    drsdm
                                  300540    dasgate
                                  300541    dcdbd
                                  300542    dcpsd
                                  300543    supportlink_prog
                                  300544    broker
                                  300545    listner
                                  300546    multiaccess
                                  300547    spai_interface
                                  300548    spai_adaption
                                  300549    chimera_ci
                                            chimera_clientinterface
                                  300550    chimera_pi
                                            chimera_processinvoker
                                  300551    teamware_fl
                                            teamware_foundationlevel
                                  300552    teamware_sl
                                            teamware_systemlevel
                                  300553    teamware_ui
                                            teamware_userinterface
                                  300554    lprm
                                  300555    mpsprog
                                            Mensuration_Proxy_Server
                                  300556    mo_symdis
                                  300557    retsideprog
                                  300558    slp
                                  300559    slm-api
                                  300560    im_rpc teamconference
                                  300561    license_prog license
                                  300562    stuple stuple_prog
                                  300563    upasswd_prog
                                  300564    gentranmentorsecurity
                                  300565    gentranmentorprovider
                                  300566    latituded
                                            latitude_license_server
                                  300567    gentranmentorreq1
                                  300568    gentranmentorreq2
                                  300569    gentranmentorreq3
                                  300570    rj_server
                                  300571    gws-rdb
                                  300572    gws-mpmd
                                  300573    gws-spmd
                                  300574    vwcalcd
                                  300575    vworad
                                  300576    vwsybd
                                  300577    vwave
                                  300578    online_assistant
                                  300579    internet_assistant

                                  300580    spawnd
                                  300581    procmgrg
                                  300582    cfgdbd
                                  300583    logutild
                                  300584    ibis
                                  300585    ibisaux
                                  300586    aapi
                                  300587    rstrt
                                  300588    hbeat
                                  300589    pcspu
                                  300590    empress
                                  300591    sched_server
                                            LiveScheduler
                                  300592    path_server
                                            LiveScheduler
                                  300593    c2sdmd
                                  300594    c2scf
                                  300595    btsas
                                  300596    sdtas
                                  300597    appie
                                  300598    dmi
                                  300599    pscd
                                        panther software corp daemon
                                  300600    sisd
                                  300601    cpwebserver
                                  300602    wwcommo
                                  300603    mx-mie
                                  300604    mx-mie-debug
                                  300605    idmn
                                  300606    ssrv
                                  300607    vpnserver
                                  300608    samserver
                                  300609    sams_server
                                  300610    chrysalis
                                  300611    ddm
                                  300612    ddm-is
                                  300613    mx-bcp-debug
                                  300614    upmrd
                                  300615    upmdsd
                                  300616    res
                                  300617    colortron
                                  300618    zrs
                                  300619    afpsrv
                                  300620    apxft
                                  300621    nrp
                                  300622    hpid
                                  300623    mailwatch
                                  300624    fos bc_fcrb_receiver

                                  300625    cs_sysadmin_svr
                                  300626    cs_controller_svr
                                  300627    nokia_nms_eai
                                  300628    dbg
                                  300629    remex
                                  300630    cs_bind
                                  300631    idm
                                  300632    prpasswd
                                  300633    iw-pw
                                  300634    starrb
                                  300635    Impress_Server
                                  300636    colorstar
                                  300637    gwugui
                                  300638    gwsgui
                                  300639    dai_command_proxy
                                  300640    dai_alarm_server
                                  300641    dai_fui_proxy
                                  300642    spai_command_proxy
                                  300643    spai_alarm_server
                                  300644    iris
                                  300645    hcxttp
                                  300646    updatedb rsched
                                  300647    urnd urn
                                  300648    iqwpsrv
                                  300649    dskutild
                                  300650    online
                                  300651    nlserv
                                  300652    acsm
                                  300653    dg_clar_sormsg
                                  300654    wwpollerrpc
                                  300655    wwmodelrpc
                                  300656    nsprofd
                                  300657    nsdistd
                                  300658    recollect
                                  300659    lssexecd lss_res
                                  300660    lssagend lss_rea
                                  300661    cdinfo
                                  300662    sninsr_addon
                                  300663    mm-sap
                                  300664    ks
                                  300665    psched
                                  300666    tekdvfs
                                  300667    storxll
                                  300668    nisse
                                  300669    lbadvise
                                  300670    atcinstaller
                                  300671    atntstarter
                                  300672    NetML

                                  300673    tdmesmge
                                  300674    tdmesmgd
                                  300675    tdmesmgt
                                  300676    olm
                                  300677    mediamanagement
                                  300678    rdbprog fieldowsrv
                                  300679    rpwdprog rpwd
                                  300680    sapi-trace
                                  300681    sapi-master-daemon
                                  300682    omdcuprog om-dcu
                                  300683    wwprocmon
                                  300684    tndidprog
                                  300685    rkey_setsecretprog
                                  300686    asdu_server_prog
                                  300687    pwrcntrl
                                  300688    siunixd
                                  300689    wmapi
                                  300690    cross_reference_ole
                                  300691    rtc
                                  300692    disp
                                  300693    sql_compilation_agent
                                  300694    tnsysprog
                                  300695    ius-sapimd
                                  300696    apteam-dx
                                  300697    rmsrpc
                                  300698    seismic_system
                                  300699    remote
                                  300700    tt1_ts_event nokia_nms
                                  300701    fxrs
                                  300702    onlicense
                                  300703    vxkey
                                  300704    dinis
                                  300705    sched2d schedule-2
                                  300706    sched3d schedule-3
                                  300707    sched4d schedule-4
                                  300708    sched5d schedule-5
                                  300709    sched6d schedule-6
                                  300710    sched7d schedule-7
                                  300711    sched8d schedule-8
                                  300712    sched9d schedule-9
                                  300713    adtsqry
                                  300714    adserv
                                  300715    adrepserv
                                  300716    [unknown]
                                  300717    caad
                                  300718    caaui
                                  300719    cescda
                                  300720    vcapiadmin

                                  300721    vcapi20
                                  300722    tcfs
                                  300723    csed
                                  300724    nothand
                                  300725    hacb
                                  300726    nfauth
                                  300727    imlm
                                  300728    bestcomm
                                  300729    lprpasswd
                                  300730    rprpasswd
                                  300731    proplistd
                                  300732    mikomomc
                                  300733    arepa-cas
                                  300734    [unknown]
                                  300735    [unknown]
                                  300736    ando_ts
                                  300737    intermezzo
                                  300738    ftel-sdh-request
                                  300739    ftel-sdh-response
                                  300740    [unknown]
                                  300741    [unknown]
                                  300742    [unknown]
                                  300743    [unknown]
                                  300744    [unknown]
                                  300745    vrc_abb
                                  300746    vrc_comau
                                  300747    vrc_fanuc
                                  300748    vrc_kuka
                                  300749    vrc_reis
                                  300750    hp_sv6d
                                  300751    correntmgr01
                                  300752    correntike
                                  300753    [unknown]
                                  300754    [unknown]
                                  300755    intransa_location
                                  300756    intransa_management
                                  300757    intransa_federation
                                  300758    portprot
                                  300759    ipmiprot
                                  300760    aceapi
                                  300761    f6000pss
                                  300762    vsmapi_program
                                  300763    ubertuple
                                  300764    ctconcrpcif
                                  300765    mfuadmin
                                  300766    aiols
                                  300767    dsmrootd
                                  300768    htdl

                                  300769    caba
                                  300770    vrc_cosimir
                                  300771    cmhelmd
                                  300772    polynsm
                                  300773    [unknown]
                                  300774    [unknown]
                                  300775    [unknown]
                                  300776    [unknown]
                                  300777    [unknown]
                                  300778    [unknown]
                                  300779    [unknown]
                                  300780    [unknown]
                                  300781    dsmrecalld
                                  300782    [unknown]
                                  300783    [unknown]
                                  300784    twrgcontrol
                                  300785    twrled
                                  300786    twrcfgdb

BMC software 300787-300886 unassigned 300887 - 300999 Sun Microsystems 301000-302000 [ 2000 numbers ] unassigned 302001-349999 American Airlines 350000 - 350999 Acucobol Inc. 351000 - 351099 The Bristol Group 351100 - 351249 Amteva Technologies 351250 - 351349

                                  351350    wfmMgmtApp
                                  351351    wfmMgmtDataSrv
                                  351352    wfmMgmtFut1
                                  351353    wfmMgmtFut1
                                  351354    wfmAPM
                                  351355    wfmIAMgr
                                  351356    wfmECMgr
                                  351357    wfmLookOut
                                  351358    wfmAgentFut1
                                  351359    wfmAgentFut2

unassigned 351360 - 351406 Sterling Software ITD 351407 csed

                                  351360    sched10d
                                  351361    sched11d
                                  351362    sched12d
                                  351363    sched13d
                                  351364    sched14d
                                  351365    sched15d
                                  351366    sched16d
                                  351367    sched17d
                                  351368    sched18d
                                  351369    sched19d

                                  351370    sched20d
                                  351371    sched21d
                                  351372    sched22d
                                  351373    sched23d
                                  351374    sched24d
                                  351375    sched25d
                                  351376    sched26d
                                  351377    sched27d
                                  351378    sched28d
                                  351379    sched29d
                                  351380    sched30d
                                  351381    sched31d
                                  351382    sched32d
                                  351383    sched33d
                                  351384    sched34d
                                  351385    sched35d
                                  351386    sched36d
                                  351387    sched37d
                                  351388    sched38d
                                  351389    sched39d
                                  351390    consoleserver
                                  351391    scheduleserver
                                  351392    RDELIVER
                                  351393    REVENTPROG
                                  351394    RSENDEVENTPROG
                                  351395    snapp
                                  351396    snapad
                                  351397    sdsoodb
                                  351398    sdsmain
                                  351399    sdssrv
                                  351400    sdsclnt
                                  351401    sdsreg
                                  351402    fsbatch
                                  351403    fsmonitor
                                  351404    fsdisp
                                  351405    fssession
                                  351406    fslog
                                  351407    svdpappserv
                                  351408    gns
                                  351409    [unkonwn]
                                  351410    [unkonwn]
                                  351411    [unkonwn]
                                  351412    axi
                                  351413    rpcxfr
                                  351414    slm
                                  351415    smbpasswdd
                                  351416    tbdbserv
                                  351417    tbprojserv

                                  351418    genericserver
                                  351419    dynarc_ds
                                  351420    dnscmdr
                                  351421    ipcmdr
                                  351422    faild
                                  351423    failmon
                                  351424    faildebug
                                  351425    [unknown]
                                  351426    [unknown]
                                  351427    siemens_srs
                                  351428    bsproxy
                                  351429    ifsrpc
                                  351430    CesPvcSm
                                  351431    FrPvcSm
                                  351432    AtmPvcSm
                                  351433    radius
                                  351434    auditor
                                  351435    sft
                                  351436    voicemail
                                  351437    kis
                                  351438    SOFTSERV_NOTIFY
                                  351439    dynarpc
                                  351440    hc
                                  351441    iopas
                                  351442    iopcs
                                  351443    iopss
                                  351444    spcnfs
                                  351445    spcvss
                                  351446    matilda_sms
                                  351447    matilda_brs
                                  351448    matilda_dbs
                                  351449    matilda_sps
                                  351450    matilda_svs
                                  351451    matilda_sds
                                  351452    matilda_vvs
                                  351453    matilda_stats
                                  351454    xtrade
                                  351455    mapsvr
                                  351456    hp_graphicsd
                                  351457    berkeley_db
                                            berkeley_db_svc
                                  351458    io_server
                                  351459    rpc.niod
                                  351460    rpc.kill
                                  351461    hmdisproxy
                                  351462    smdisproxy
                                  351463    avatard
                                  351464    namu

                                  351465    BMCSess
                                  351466    FENS_Sport
                                  351467    EM_CONFIG
                                  351468    EM_CONFIG_RESP
                                  351469    lodge_proof
                                  351470    ARCserveIT-Queue
                                  351471    ARCserveIT-Device
                                  351472    ARCserveIT-Discover
                                  351473    ARCserveIT-Alert
                                  351474    ARCserveIT-Database
                                  351475    scand1
                                  351476    scand2
                                  351477    scand3
                                  351478    scand4
                                  351479    scand5
                                  351480    dscv
                                  351481    cb_svc
                                  351482    [unknown]
                                  351483    iprobe
                                  351484    omniconf
                                  351485    isan

BG Partners 351486 - 351500

                                  351501    mond
                                  351502    iqlremote
                                  351503    iqlalarm

unassigned 351504 - 351599 Orion Multisystems 351600-351855 unassigned 351856 - 351899 NSP lab 351900 - 351999 unassigned 351999 - 352232

                                  352233    asautostart
                                  352234    asmediad1
                                  352235    asmediad2
                                  352236    asmediad3
                                  352237    asmediad4
                                  352238    asmediad5
                                  352239    asmediad6
                                  352240    asmediad7
                                  352241    asmediad8
                                  352242    asmediad9
                                  352243    asmediad10
                                  352244    asmediad11
                                  352245    asmediad12
                                  352246    asmediad13
                                  352247    asmediad14
                                  352248    asmediad15
                                  352249    asmediad16
                                  352250    waruser

                                  352251    warlogd
                                  352252    warsvrmgr
                                  352253    warvfsysd
                                  352254    warftpd
                                  352255    warnfsd
                                  352256    bofproxyc0
                                  352257    bofproxys0
                                  352258    bofproxyc1
                                  352259    bofproxys1
                                  352260    bofproxyc2
                                  352261    bofproxys2
                                  352262    bofproxyc3
                                  352263    bofproxys3
                                  352264    bofproxyc4
                                  352265    bofproxys4
                                  352266    bofproxyc5
                                  352267    bofproxys5
                                  352268    bofproxyc6
                                  352269    bofproxys6
                                  352270    bofproxyc7
                                  352271    bofproxys7
                                  352272    bofproxyc8
                                  352273    bofproxys8
                                  352274    bofproxyc9
                                  352275    bofproxys9
                                  352276    bofproxyca
                                  352277    bofproxysa
                                  352278    bofproxycb
                                  352279    bofproxysb
                                  352280    bofproxycc
                                  352281    bofproxysc
                                  352282    bofproxycd
                                  352283    bofproxysd
                                  352284    bofproxyce
                                  352285    bofproxyse
                                  352286    bofproxycf
                                  352287    bofproxysf
                                  352288    bofproxypo0
                                  352289    bofproxypo1
                                  352290    bofproxypo2
                                  352291    bofproxypo3
                                  352292    bofproxypo4

unassigned 352293-370000

                                  370001    [unknown]
                                  370002    [unknown]
                                  370003    [unknown]
                                  370004    [unknown]
                                  370005    [unknown]

                                  370006    [unknown]
                                  370007    [unknown]
                                  370008    [unknown]
                                  370009    [unknown]
                                  370010    [unknown]
                                  370011    [unknown]
                                  370012    [unknown]
                                  370013    [unknown]
                                  370014    [unknown]
                                  370015    [unknown]
                                  370016    [unknown]
                                  370017    [unknown]
                                  370018    [unknown]
                                  370019    [unknown]
                                  370020    [unknown]
                                  370021    [unknown]
                                  370022    [unknown]
                                  370023    [unknown]
                                  370024    [unknown]
                                  370025    [unknown]
                                  370026    [unknown]
                                  370027    [unknown]

unassigned 370028 - 379999

                                  380000    opensna
                                  380001    probenet
                                  380002    [unknown]
                                  380003    license
                                  380004    na.3com-remote
                                  380005    na.ntp
                                  380006    probeutil
                                  380007    na.vlb
                                  380008    cds_mhs_agent
                                  380009    cds_x500_agent
                                  380010    cds_mailhub_agent
                                  380011    codex_6500_proxy
                                  380012    codex_6500_trapd
                                  380013    na.nm212
                                  380014    cds_mta_metrics_agent
                                  380015    [unkonwn]
                                  380016    na.caple
                                  380017    codexcapletrap

Swiss Re 380018-380028

                                  380029    ncstat
                                  380030    ncnfsstat
                                  380031    ftams
                                  380032    na.isotp
                                  380033    na.rfc1006

unassigned 380034 - 389999

Epoch Systems 390000 - 390049 Quickturn Systems 390050 - 390065 Team One Systems 390066 - 390075 General Electric CRD 390076 - 390085 TSIG NFS subcommittee 390086 - 390089 SoftLab ab 390090 - 390099 Legato Network Services 390100 - 390115

                                  390116    cdsmonitor
                                  390117    cdslock
                                  390118    cdslicense
                                  390119    shm
                                  390120    rws
                                  390121    cdc

Data General 390122 - 390141 Perfect Byte 390142 - 390171 JTS Computer Systems 390172 - 390181 Parametric Technology 390182 - 390191 Voxem 390192 - 390199 Effix Systems 390200 - 390299 Motorola 390300 - 390309 Mobile Data Intl. 390310 - 390325 Physikalisches Institut 390326 - 390330 Ergon Informatik AG 390331 - 390340 Analog Devices Inc. 390341 - 390348 Interphase Corporation 390349 - 390358 NeWsware 390359 - 390374 Qualix Group 390375 - 390379 Xerox Imaging Systems 390380 - 390389 Noble Net 390390 - 390399 Legato Network Services 390400 - 390499 Client Server Tech. 390500 - 390511 Atria 390512 - 390517 GE NMR Instruments 390518 - 390525 Harris Corp. 390526 - 390530 Unisys 390531 - 390562 Aggregate Computing 390563 - 390572 Interactive Data 390573 - 390580 OKG AB 390581 - 390589 K2 Software 390591 - 390594 Collier Jackson 390595 - 390599 Remedy Corporation 390600 - 390699 Mentor Graphics 390700 - 390799 AT&T Bell Labs (Lucent) 390800 - 390899 Xerox 390900 - 390999 Silicon Graphics 391000 - 391063 Data General 391064 - 391095 Computer Support Corp. 391096 - 391099 Quorum Software Systems 391100 - 391199

InterLinear Technology 391200 - 391209 Highland Software 391210 - 391229 Boeing Comp. Svcs. 391230 - 391249 IBM Sweden 391250 - 391259 Signature Authority Svc 391260 - 391271 ZUMTOBEL Licht GmbH 391272 - 391283 NOAA/ERL 391284 - 391299 NCR Corp. 391300 - 391399 FTP Software 391400 - 391409 Cadre Technologies 391410 - 391433 Visionware Ltd (UK) 391434 - 391439 IBR-Partner AG 391440 - 391449 CAP Programator AB 391450 - 391459 Reichle+De-Massari AG 391460 - 391474 Swiss Bank Corp (London) 391475 - 391484 Unisys Enterprise Svr 391485 - 391489 Intel - Test Dev. Tech. 391490 - 391499 Ampex 391500 - 391755

                                  391756    naas-spare
                                  391757    naas-admin
                                  391758    isps
                                  391759    isps-admin
                                  391760    mars
                                  391761    mars-admin
                                  391762    attcis_spare0
                                  391763    attcis_spare1
                                  391764    mail-server
                                  391765    mail-server-spare
                                  391766    attcis_spare2
                                  391767    attcis_spare3
                                  391768    attcis_spare4
                                  391769    attcis_spare5
                                  391770    attcis_spare6
                                  391771    attcis_spare7

Integrated Systems, Inc. 391772 - 391779 Parametric Tech., Inc. 391780 - 391789 Ericsson Telecom AB 391790 - 391799 SLAC 391800 - 391849

                                  391850    qhrdata
                                  391851    qhrbackup
                                  391852    minutedata
                                  391853    prefecture
                                  391854    supc
                                  391855    suadmincrw
                                  391856    suadminotas
                                  391857    sumessage
                                  391858    sublock
                                  391859    sumotd

staffware dev. (uk) 391860 - 391869 Staffware Dev. (UK) 391870 - 391879

                                  391880    namesrvr
                                  391881    disksrvr
                                  391882    tapesrvr
                                  391883    migsrvr
                                  391884    pdmsrvr
                                  391885    pvrsrvr
                                  391886    repacksrvr
                                  391887    [unknown]

Convex Computer Corp. 391888 - 391951

                                  391952    lookoutsrv
                                  391953    lookoutagnt
                                  391954    lookoutprxy
                                  391955    lookoutsnmp
                                  391956    lookoutrmon
                                  391957    lookoutfut1
                                  391958    lookoutfut2

windward 391959 - 391967

                                  391968    sra_legato
                                  391969    sra_legato_imgsvr
                                  391970    sra_legato_0
                                  391971    sra_legato_1
                                  391972    sra_legato_2
                                  391973    sra_legato_3
                                  391974    sra_legato_4
                                  391975    sra_legato_5
                                  391976    sra_legato_6
                                  391977    sra_legato_7
                                  391978    sra_legato_8
                                  391979    sra_legato_9

Brooktree Corp. 391980 - 391989 Cadence Design Systems 391990 - 391999 J. Frank & Associates 392000 - 392999 Cooperative Solutions 393000 - 393999 Xerox Corp. 394000 - 395023

                                  395024    odbc_sqlretriever

3M 395025 - 395091 Digital Zone Intl. 395092 - 395099 Software Professionals 395100 - 395159 Del Mar Solutions 395160 - 395164

                                  395165    ife-es
                                  395166    ife-resmgr
                                  395167    ife-aes
                                  395168    ife-bite
                                  395169    ife-loader
                                  395170    ife-satcom
                                  395171    ife-seat

                                  395172    ife-dbmgr
                                  395173    ife-testmgr
                                  395174    atrium_server
                                  395175    ase_director
                                  395176    ase_agent
                                  395177    ase_hsm
                                  395178    ase_mgr
                                  395179    ase_sim

Hewlett-Packard 395180 - 395194 XES, Inc. 395195 - 395199 Unitech Products 395200 - 395249 TransSys 395250 - 395505 Unisys Govt Systems 395506 - 395519 Bellcore 395520 - 395529 IBM 395530 - 395561 AT&T Network Services 395562 - 395571 Data General 395572 - 395577 Swiss Bank Corp 395578 - 395597 Swiss Bank Corp 395598 - 395637 Novell 395638 - 395643 Computer Associates 395644 - 395650 Omneon Video Networks 395651 - 395656 unassigned 395657 - 395908 UK Post Office 395909 - 395924 AEROSPATIALE 395925 - 395944 Result d.o.o. 395945 - 395964 DataTools, Inc. 395965 - 395980 CADIS, Inc. 395981 - 395990 Cummings Group, Inc. 395991 - 395994 Cadre Technologies 395995 - 395999 American Airlines 396000 - 396999 Ericsson Telecom TM Div 397000 - 398023 IBM 398024 - 398028 Toshiba OME Works 398029 - 398033 TUSC Computer Systems 398034 - 398289 AT&T 398290 - 398320 Ontario Hydro 398321 - 398346 Micrion Corporation 398347 - 398364 unassigned 398365 - 398591 Pegasystems, Inc. 398592 - 399616 Spectra Securities Soft 399617 - 399850 QualCom 399851 - 399866 unassigned 399867 - 399884 Altris Software Ltd. 399885 - 399899 ISO/IEC WG11 399900 - 399919 Parametric Technology 399920 - 399949 Dolby Laboratories 399950 - 399981 unassigned 399982 - 399991

Xerox PARC 399992 - 399999

Next Inc. 200100000 - 200199999 Netwise (RPCtool) 200200000 Concurrent Computer Corp 200200001 - 200200007 AIM Technology 200300000 - 200399999 TGV 200400000 - 200499999

2. Sun-assigned authentication flavor numbers

AUTH_NONE 0 /* no authentication, see RFC 1831 */

                               /* a.k.a. AUTH_NULL */

AUTH_SYS 1 /* unix style (uid+gids), RFC 1831 */

                               /* a.k.a. AUTH_UNIX */

AUTH_SHORT 2 /* short hand unix style, RFC 1831 */ AUTH_DH 3 /* des style (encrypted timestamp) */

                               /* a.k.a. AUTH_DES, see RFC 2695 */

AUTH_KERB 4 /* kerberos auth, see RFC 2695 */ AUTH_RSA 5 /* RSA authentication */ RPCSEC_GSS 6 /* GSS-based RPC security for auth,

                                  integrity and privacy, RPC 5403 */

AUTH_NW 30001 NETWARE AUTH_SEC 200000 TSIG NFS subcommittee AUTH_ESV 200004 SVr4 ES

AUTH_NQNFS 300000 Univ. of Guelph - Not Quite NFS AUTH_GSSAPI 300001 OpenVision <[email protected]> AUTH_ILU_UGEN 300002 Xerox <[email protected]>

                                - ILU Unsecured Generic Identity

2. Small blocks are assigned out of the 39xxxx series of numbers

AUTH_SPNEGO 390000

               390000 - 390255 NFS 'pseudo' flavors for RPCSEC_GSS
               390003 - kerberos_v5 authentication, RFC 2623
               390004 - kerberos_v5 with data integrity, RFC 2623
               390005 - kerberos_v5 with data privacy, RFC 2623

               200000000       Reserved
               200100000       NeXT Inc.

Normative References

RFC2119 Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate

          Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

RFC2203 Eisler, M., Chiu, A., and L. Ling, "RPCSEC_GSS Protocol

          Specification", RFC 2203, September 1997.

RFC4506 Eisler, M., Ed., "XDR: External Data Representation

          Standard", STD 67, RFC 4506, May 2006.

Informative References

[DH] Diffie & Hellman, "New Directions in Cryptography", IEEE

          Transactions on Information Theory IT-22, November 1976.

RFC0768 Postel, J., "User Datagram Protocol", STD 6, RFC 768,

          August 1980.

RFC0793 Postel, J., "Transmission Control Protocol", STD 7, RFC

          793, September 1981.

RFC1094 Sun Microsystems, "NFS: Network File System Protocol

          specification", RFC 1094, March 1989.

RFC1813 Callaghan, B., Pawlowski, B., and P. Staubach, "NFS

          Version 3 Protocol Specification", RFC 1813, June 1995.

RFC1831 Srinivasan, R., "RPC: Remote Procedure Call Protocol

          Specification Version 2", RFC 1831, August 1995.

RFC1833 Srinivasan, R., "Binding Protocols for ONC RPC Version 2",

          RFC 1833, August 1995.

RFC2623 Eisler, M., "NFS Version 2 and Version 3 Security Issues

          and the NFS Protocol's Use of RPCSEC_GSS and Kerberos V5",
          RFC 2623, June 1999.

RFC2695 Chiu, A., "Authentication Mechanisms for ONC RPC", RFC

          2695, September 1999.

RFC2743 Linn, J., "Generic Security Service Application Program

          Interface Version 2, Update 1", RFC 2743, January 2000.

RFC3530 Shepler, S., Callaghan, B., Robinson, D., Thurlow, R.,

          Beame, C., Eisler, M., and D. Noveck, "Network File System
          (NFS) version 4 Protocol", RFC 3530, April 2003.

RFC5226 Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an

          IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
          May 2008.

[VMTP] Cheriton, D., "VMTP: Versatile Message Transaction

          Protocol", Preliminary Version 0.3, Stanford University,
          January 1987.

[XRPC] Birrell, A. D. & B. J. Nelson, "Implementing Remote

          Procedure Calls", XEROX CSL-83-7, October 1983.

Author's Address

Robert Thurlow Sun Microsystems, Inc. 500 Eldorado Boulevard, UBRM05-171 Broomfield, CO 80021

Phone: 877-718-3419 EMail: [email protected]