RFC5144

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Network Working Group A. Newton Request for Comments: 5144 American Registry for Internet Numbers Category: Standards Track M. Sanz 

                                                            DENIC eG
                                                       February 2008

     A Domain Availability Check (DCHK) Registry Type for
        the Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS)

Status of This Memo

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Abstract

This document describes a lightweight domain availability service using the Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS) framework and the data model of the IRIS Domain Registry (DREG) service. 

 3.3.  Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol (BEEP) Transport

Introduction

This document describes a lightweight service for checking the availability of domain names. This service is based on the IRIS framework and uses the data model defined by RFC 3982 [7]. By doing this, the domain availability service has the advantages provided by IRIS and DREG, such as well-known methods for server navigation, structured queries and results, and layered extensibility.

The use of IRIS for this service also allows seamless integration between the domain availability service and the service provided by DREG. This allows a user to find the availability status of a domain and reference the full registration information in DREG.

The data model in this service (called a registry schema in IRIS terms) is a strict subset of the DREG data model. This enables implementors to directly reuse DREG code paths and allows operators to deploy the service in either the same server processes as a DREG service (same host and port) or in a different server process (different port) or machine (different host).

As an example, an operator may wish to deploy both types of service on the same set of machines. As time goes on, the operator may then decide to segregate the services, placing the domain availability service on one set of machines and the DREG service on a separate set of machines with a stricter set of controls. Either deployment scenario is transparent to the end user and always appears to be seamlessly complementary.

When coupled with [9], this domain availability service is lightweight and extremely efficient for high-volume, public-facing service.

Document Terminology

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [2].

Domain Availability Check Registry

The data model used for the domain availability check (DCHK) service is a strict subset of the DREG data model. This section describes the DCHK registry type.

Schema Description

References to XML elements with no namespace qualifier are from the schema defined in Section 3.2. References to elements and attributes with the "iris" XML namespace qualifier are from the schema defined in IRIS [6].

The schema present in this document is tied to the protocol version associated with the XML namespace URI defined in Section 5.2. Extensions to the present DCHK schema are allowed, though not recommended, but would require a new version. Please refer to RFC 3981 [6] for more details about versioning the IRIS protocol.

The descriptions contained within this section refer to XML elements and attributes and their relation to the exchange of data within the protocol. These descriptions also contain specifications outside the scope of the formal XML syntax. Therefore, this section will use terms defined by RFC 2119 [2] to describe the specification outside the scope of the formal XML syntax. While reading this section, please reference Section 3.2 for needed details on the formal XML syntax.

The <domain> Result

An example of a <domain> result:

<domain 

 authority="iana.org" registryType="dchk1"
 entityClass="domain-name" entityName="example.com">
 <domainName>example.com</domainName>
 <status><active/></status>

</domain> 

                         <domain> Example

The <domain> result represents an instance of a domain assignment. The children of the <domain> element are as follows:

o <domainName> - the full name of the domain as it is in DNS. The 

  contents of this element MUST be a domain name as specified by RFC
  1035 [1].

o <idn> - the name of the domain in nameprep form, if applicable. 

  See RFC 3491 [3].

o <status> - this element may contain child elements representing 

  domain status information.  It defines the following status types:

  *  <active> - available via DNS (either via delegation or direct
     publication).

  *  <inactive> - unavailable via DNS.

  *  <dispute> - registrant assignment is in dispute.

  *  <addPeriod> - the domain is in the grace period after creation
     or activation (see RFC 3915 [5]).

  *  <renewPeriod> - the domain is in the grace period after renewal
     (see RFC 3915 [5]).

  *  <autoRenewPeriod> - the domain is in the grace period after
     automatic renewal (see RFC 3915 [5]).

  *  <transferPeriod> - the domain is in the grace period after
     transfer (see RFC 3915 [5]).

  *  <redemptionPeriod> - the domain is in the grace period after
     deletion (see RFC 3915 [5]).

  *  <policyCompliant> - the domain is considered compliant
     according to a given policy specified by the substatus
     identifier.

  *  <policyNoncompliant> - the domain is not considered compliant
     according to a given policy specified by the substatus
     identifier.

  *  <reserved> - the domain is reserved and is not available for
     registration under normal registration procedures.

  *  <create> - specifies the creation of the domain in the
     registration system.  This status is usually further refined by
     the disposition attribute.

  *  <delete> - specifies the deletion of the domain in the
     registration system.  This status is usually further refined by
     the disposition attribute.

  *  <renew> - specifies the renewal of domain registration.  This
     status is usually further refined by the disposition attribute.

  *  <restore> - specifies the restoration to the previous state of
     the domain before it was deleted.  This status is usually
     further refined by the disposition attribute.

  *  <transfer> - specifies the transfer of the domain from one
     responsible or owning entity in the registration system to
     another.  This status is usually further refined by the
     disposition attribute.

  *  <update> - specifies a general modification of the domain
     information.  This status is usually be further refined by the
     disposition attribute.

  *  <other> - specifies a registration system specific status of
     the domain.

o <registrationReference> - an element containing an entity 

  reference, the referent of which MUST be either a <domain>
  (Section 3.1.1) or a <domain> as defined by RFC 3982 [7].  The
  intent of this element is to point to the downstream registration
  reference.  Therefore, if this is a result given back by a domain
  registry, it should point to the domain in the domain registrar or
  registrant service.

o <createdDateTime> - an element containing the date and time of the 

  creation of this domain.

o <initialDelegationDateTime> - an element containing the date and 

  time of the initial delegation of this domain.

o <expirationDateTime> - an element containing the date and time of 

  the expiration of this domain.

o <lastDatabaseUpdateDateTime> - an element containing the date and 

  time of the last actualization of the database that is the source
  for this result.

o <iris:seeAlso> - an element containing an entity reference 

  specifying a referent that is indirectly associated with this
  domain.
Domain Status Type

Each element of type 'domainStatusType' has the following composition:

o <appliedDate> - an optional child element containing the date 

  applicable to creation of the status.

o <ticket> - an optional child element containing a service ticket 

  identifier relevant to the status.

o <description> - zero or more child elements with text to describe 

  the status in natural language.  Each of these elements MUST have
  a 'language' attribute describing the language of the description
  element.

o <subStatus> - a child element indicating further status 

  information.  Values for this element are not defined by this
  specification.  This child element has a required 'authority'
  attribute to indicate the origin of the specification of the value
  of this element.

o 'actor' - an optional attribute indicating the acting entity for 

  which this status is applied.  The values may be "registry",
  "registrar", or "registrationServiceProvider".

o 'disposition' - an optional attribute indicating the nature of 

  this status.  The values may be "pending" or "prohibited".

o 'scope' - an optional attribute indicating the context or origin 

  of the status value.

Support for <iris:lookupEntity>

The following types of entity classes are recognized by the <lookupEntity> query of IRIS for this registry:

o domain-name - the fully qualified name of a domain. This is a 

  domain name as specified by RFC 1035 [1].  Yields a <domain>
  (Section 3.1.1) in the response.

o idn - the fully qualified name of a domain in nameprep form (see 

  RFC 3491 [3]).  Yields a <domain> (Section 3.1.1) in the response.

DCHK Formal XML Syntax

This registry schema is specified in the XML Schema notation (see [10] and [11]). The formal syntax presented here is a complete schema representation of an XML instance when combined with the formal schema syntax of IRIS.

<?xml version="1.0"?> <schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 

 xmlns:dchk="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dchk1"
 xmlns:iris="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
 targetNamespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dchk1"
 elementFormDefault="qualified" >

 <import namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1" />

 <annotation>
   <documentation>
     Domain availability check schema
     derived from IRIS schema
   </documentation>
 </annotation>



 <complexType
   name="domainType">
   <complexContent>
     <extension
       base="iris:resultType">
       <sequence>
         <element
           name="domainName"
           type="token" />
         <element
           name="idn"
           type="token"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1" />
         <element name="status"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1">
           <complexType>
             <choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
               <element
                 name="active"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="inactive"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="dispute"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element

                 name="renew"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="addPeriod"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="renewPeriod"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="autoRenewPeriod"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="transferPeriod"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="redemptionPeriod"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="restore"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="policyCompliant"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="policyNoncompliant"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="reserved"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="create"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="delete"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="transfer"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="update"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
               <element
                 name="other"
                 type="dchk:domainStatusType" />
             </choice>
           </complexType>
         </element>
         <element

           name="registrationReference"
           type="iris:entityType"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1" />
         <element
           name="createdDateTime"
           type="dateTime"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1" />
         <element
           name="initialDelegationDateTime"
           type="dateTime"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1" />
         <element
           name="expirationDateTime"
           type="dateTime"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1" />
         <element
           name="lastDatabaseUpdateDateTime"
           type="dateTime"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1" />
         <element
           ref="iris:seeAlso"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="unbounded" />
       </sequence>
     </extension>
   </complexContent>
 </complexType>

 <element
   name="domain"
   type="dchk:domainType"
   substitutionGroup="iris:result" />

 <complexType
   name="domainStatusType">
   <sequence>
     <element
       name="appliedDate"
       type="dateTime"
       minOccurs="0"
       maxOccurs="1" />
     <element
       name="ticket"

       type="token"
       minOccurs="0"
       maxOccurs="unbounded" />
     <element
       name="description"
       minOccurs="0"
       maxOccurs="unbounded">
       <complexType>
         <simpleContent>
           <extension
             base="string">
             <attribute
               name="language"
               type="language"
               use="required" />
           </extension>
         </simpleContent>
       </complexType>
     </element>
     <element
       name="subStatus"
       minOccurs="0"
       maxOccurs="1">
       <complexType>
         <simpleContent>
           <extension
             base="token">
             <attribute
               type="token"
               use="required"
               name="authority"/>
           </extension>
         </simpleContent>
       </complexType>
     </element>
   </sequence>
   <attribute
     name="actor">
     <simpleType>
       <restriction
         base="string">
         <enumeration
           value="registry"/>
         <enumeration
           value="registrar"/>
         <enumeration
           value="registrationServiceProvider"/>
       </restriction>

     </simpleType>
   </attribute>
   <attribute
     name="disposition">
     <simpleType>
       <restriction
         base="string">
         <enumeration
           value="prohibited"/>
         <enumeration
           value="pending"/>
       </restriction>
     </simpleType>
   </attribute>
   <attribute
     name="scope"
     type="token" />
 </complexType>

</schema> 

                        Figure 1: dchk.xsd

Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol (BEEP) Transport Compliance

All DCHK clients and servers MUST implement the Lightweight UDP Transport Protocol (IRIS-LWZ) [9]. The use of other transports like the XML Pipelining with Chunks (IRIS-XPC) transport [12] or the BEEP transport [8] is optional and completely at the discretion of the server operator. The XPC transport is in any case preferable to the BEEP transport.

IRIS allows several extensions of the core capabilities. This section outlines those extensions allowable by IRIS-BEEP [8].

Message Pattern

This registry type uses the default message pattern as described in IRIS-BEEP [8].

Server Authentication

This registry type uses the default server authentication method as described in IRIS-BEEP [8].

URI Resolution

Application Service Label

The application service label associated with this registry type MUST be "DCHK1". This is the abbreviated form of the URN for this registry type, urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dchk1.

Bottom-Up Resolution

The bottom-up alternative resolution method MUST be identified as 'bottom' in IRIS URI's. Its process is identical to the 'bottom' process described by RFC 3982 [7].

Top-Down Resolution

The top-down alternative resolution method MUST be identified as 'top' in IRIS URI's. Its process is identical to the 'top' process described by RFC 3982 [7].

Internationalization Considerations

Implementors should be aware of considerations for internationalization in IRIS [6].

Clients needing to localize the data tags in this protocol should take note that localization is only needed on the names of XML elements and attributes, with the exception of elements containing date and time information. The schema for this registry has been designed so that clients need not interpret the content of elements or attributes for localization, other than those elements containing date and time information.

Clients should also make use of the <language> elements provided in many of the results. Results containing internationalized data can be accompanied by these elements in order to aid better localization of the data by the user.

All date and time elements make use of the XML Schema [10] data type "dateTime". If their contents are Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) timestamps, they MUST be specified by using the capitalized 'Z' indicator (instead of 'z').

IANA Considerations

XML Namespace Registration

This document makes use of the XML registry specified in RFC 3688 [4]. Accordingly, IANA has made the following registration:

o XML Namespace URN/URI: 

  *  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dchk1

o Contact: 

  *  Andrew Newton <[email protected]>

  *  Marcos Sanz <[email protected]>

o XML: 

  *  None.

XML Schema Registration

This document makes use of the XML registry specified in RFC 3688 [4]. Accordingly, IANA has made the following registration:

o XML Schema URN/URI: 

  *  urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:dchk1

o Contact: 

  *  Andrew Newton <[email protected]>

  *  Marcos Sanz <[email protected]>

o XML: 

  *  The XML Schema specified in Section 3.2

S-NAPTR Registration

The following Sraightforwarad-NAPTR (S-NAPTR) application service label has been registered with IANA according to the IANA considerations defined in IRIS [6]: 

  DCHK1

BEEP Registration

The following BEEP Profile URI has been registered with IANA, in addition to the registration provided in IRIS-BEEP [8]. 

  http://iana.org/beep/iris1/dchk1

Security Considerations

Being a proper subset of RFC 3982 [7], the registry described in this document introduces no security considerations beyond those documented in RFC 3981 [6].

References

Normative References

[1] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and 

     specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.

[2] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement 

     Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[3] Hoffman, P. and M. Blanchet, "Nameprep: A Stringprep Profile 

     for Internationalized Domain Names (IDN)", RFC 3491,
     March 2003.

[4] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688, 

     January 2004.

[5] Hollenbeck, S., "Domain Registry Grace Period Mapping for the 

     Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)", RFC 3915,
     September 2004.

[6] Newton, A. and M. Sanz, "IRIS: The Internet Registry 

     Information Service (IRIS) Core Protocol", RFC 3981,
     January 2005.

[7] Newton, A. and M. Sanz, "IRIS: A Domain Registry (dreg) Type 

     for the Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS)",
     RFC 3982, January 2005.

[8] Newton, A. and M. Sanz, "Using the Internet Registry 

     Information Service (IRIS) over the Blocks Extensible Exchange
     Protocol (BEEP)", RFC 3983, January 2005.

[9] Newton, A., "A Lightweight UDP Transfer Protocol for the 

     Internet Registry Information Service", RFC 4993, August 2007.

[10] World Wide Web Consortium, "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes", 

     W3C XML Schema, October 2004,
     <http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/>.

[11] World Wide Web Consortium, "XML Schema Part 1: Structures", 

     W3C XML Schema, October 2004,
     <http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/>.

Informative References

[12] Newton, A., "XML Pipelining with Chunks for the Internet 

     Registry Information Service", RFC 4992, August 2007.

Authors' Addresses

Andrew L. Newton American Registry for Internet Numbers 3635 Concorde Parkway, Suite 200 Chantilly, VA 20151 USA

Phone: +1 703 227 9884 EMail: [email protected] URI: http://www.arin.net/

Marcos Sanz DENIC eG Kaiserstrasse 75-77 D-60329 Frankfurt Germany

EMail: [email protected] URI: http://www.denic.de/

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